Sumerian kings

Mesopotamian literary composition

thumb|Sumerian King List, 1800 BC, Larsa, Iraq Ziusudra ( [ṣi₂-u₄-sud-ra₂], , ) of Shuruppak is listed in the WB-62 Sumerian King List recension as the last king of Sumer prior to the Great Flood. He is subsequently recorded as the hero of the Eridu Genesis and appears in the writings of Berossus as Xisuthros.

Utu-hengal (, ; died 2112 BC), also written Utu-heg̃al, Utu-heĝal, and sometimes transcribed as Utu-hegal, Utu-hejal, Utu-Khengal, was one of the first native kings of Sumer after two hundred years of Akkadian and Gutian rule, and was at the origin of the foundation of the Third Dynasty of Ur by his governor of Ur, Ur-Nammu. He was officially "King of Uruk" in his inscriptions, and is therefore considered as the founder, and only member, of the "Fifth Dynasty of Uruk" (Uruk V).

Abisare (Abī-sārê; died 1895 BC) was a ruler of the ancient Near East city-state of Larsa. He was an Amorite. The annals of his 11-year reign record that he smote the city of Isin in his 9th regnal year.

Babylonian king

Erridupizir (Erridu-pizir) (fl. 2141–2138 BC (Short chronology)) was a Gutian ruler in Sumer. His reign was attested by a royal inscription at the archaeological site for the ancient city-state of Nippur where he called himself: "King of Guti, King of the Four Quarters" Thought to be the "king without a name" on the SKL. Imta then succeeded Erridupizir.

thumb|Illustration from the Jewish Encyclopedia showing Ḫammurabi on one of his steles as Amraphel In the Hebrew Bible, Amraphel (; ; ) was a king of Shinar (Hebrew for Sumer) who, in chapter 14 of the Book of Genesis, invaded Canaan, along with two other kings under the leadership of Chedorlaomer, king of Elam. Chedorlaomer's coalition defeated Sodom and the other cities in the Battle of the Vale of Siddim.

Inkishush or Inkišuš (fl. late 3rd millennium BC) was the first Gutian ruler of the Gutian Dynasty mentioned on the Sumerian King List. According to this list, he was the successor of Imta. Sarlagab then succeeded Inkishush.

Sarlagab or Zarlagab (c. 2200 BC)) was the second Gutian ruler of the Gutian Dynasty of Sumer mentioned on the Sumerian King List as possibly reigning for six years.

Imta or Nibia (fl. late 3rd millennium BCE) was a Gutian ruler in Sumer. He was the successor of Erridupizir. Imta was then succeeded by Inkishush.

Shulme (fl. late 3rd millennium BC) was the third Gutian ruler of the Gutian Dynasty of Sumer mentioned on the Sumerian King List. According to the list, he was the successor of Sarlagab. Elulmesh then succeeded Shulme.

Royal title in Ancient Mesopotamia