Taxa described in 1868

Crocothemis is a genus of dragonflies in the Libellulidae family, subfamily Sympetrinae (darters). Various species of this genus occur in southern Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia and the Southwest Pacific. They are generally small to medium-sized dragonflies.

Monotes is a genus of flowering plants in the family Dipterocarpaceae. Its name, meaning "unity" or "uniqueness" was chosen because it was the only genus of dipterocarp then known to occur in Africa. The Zambezian region is the centre of diversity for the genus.

thumb|B. farinosa male, Laos Brachydiplax is a genus of dragonflies in the family Libellulidae. They occur in Asia from India to China and Southeast Asia, and New Guinea to Australia.

Typhlocybinae is a subfamily of insects in the leafhopper family, Cicadellidae. This is currently the second largest leafhopper subfamily based on the number of described species, but researchers believe there are so many taxa yet undescribed that it is probably the largest subfamily. Approximately 6000 species have been described thus far.

Heterodermia is a genus of foliose lichens in the family Physciaceae. The genus has a widespread distribution, especially in tropical regions, and contains about 70 species. Heterodermia was historically confused with the related genus Anaptychia, but was distinguished in 1965 based on differences in spore structure and chemical composition. These lichens can be identified in the field using simple chemical spot tests that produce distinctive colour changes when applied to the thallus. The lichens in this genus are small- to medium-sized, usually pale grey in colour, comprising narrow lobes wi

Lasaia is a genus of metalmark butterflies in the family Riodinidae. The genus was erected by Henry Walter Bates in 1868. There are about 13 described species in Lasaia, found in North, Central, and South America.

thumb|Antipodia chaostola thumb|Hesperilla idothea, Australia Hesperilla is a genus of skipper butterflies in the family Hesperiidae, found throughout most of Australia.

genus of sponges

Nemeobiinae is a subfamily of Riodinidae, the metalmark family. The subfamily's members consist entirely of Old World members of the Riodinid family. Recent revisions to the subfamily have begun to include members located within the New World as well, however, the subfamily continues to encompass the entirety of the Old World Riodinids.

Acroporium is a genus of mosses in the family Sematophyllaceae.

Grammothele is a genus of poroid crust fungi in the family Polyporaceae.

Hydrobiosis is a genus of caddisflies belonging to the family Hydrobiosidae. The genus was erected by Robert McLachlan in 1868.

Rimularia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Trapeliaceae. Established by the Finnish lichenologist William Nylander in 1868 from specimens collected on granitic rocks in France, the genus comprises 14 accepted species as of 2025. These rock-dwelling lichens form thin, crust-like growths that range from reddish-brown to dark olive-brown in colour and produce small black fruiting bodies with distinctive branched internal structures.

Pseudohydnum is a genus of fungi in the order Auriculariales. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are typically bracket-like and gelatinous, with or without a stipe, with a hydnoid (toothed) undersurface. The genus is widely distributed in both the northern and southern hemisphere, with thirteen species currently described and others awaiting description.

Dipleurosoma is a genus of hydrozoans belonging to the family Dipleurosomatidae.

Leptispini is a tribe of old-world leaf beetles within the subfamily Cassidinae.

Butocrysa is a monotypic beetle genus in the family Cerambycidae described by Thomson in 1868. Its only species, Butocrysa insignis, was described by Hippolyte Lucas in 1857.

Lamyctes is a genus of centipedes in the family Henicopidae. It was described by Danish entomologist Frederik Vilhelm August Meinert in 1868.

genus of annelids

Pearsonothuria is a genus of sea cucumbers in the family Holothuriidae. Pearsonothuria graeffei is the only species in the genus. '''Graeffe's sea cucumber''' is found in the tropical Indo-Pacific Ocean and the type locality is Viti Island, Fiji. It is named after Eduard Heinrich Graeffe, Semper's coworker at the Museum Godeffroy.