Woven fabrics

thumb|Raw silk of domesticated silk worms, showing its natural shine|360x360px Silk is a natural protein fiber, some forms of which can be woven or knitted into textiles. The protein fiber of silk is composed mainly of fibroin (75-80%) and a smaller coating of sericin (20-25%). It is most commonly produced by certain insect larvae to form cocoons. The best-known silk is obtained from the cocoons of the larvae of the mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori, which are reared in captivity (sericulture). The shimmery appearance of silk is due to the triangular prism-like structure of the silk fiber, which c

thumb|Sailor bag made of canvas thumb|Canvas roof at the Erasmus metro station|Erasmus station of the [[Brussels Metro]] thumb|300px|One of Poland's biggest canvas paintings, the Battle of Grunwald, 1878, by [[Jan Matejko (426 cm × 987 cm (168 in × 389 in)), displayed in the National Museum in Warsaw]] Canvas is a durable plain-woven fabric used for making sails, tents, marquees, backpacks, shelters, as a support for oil painting and for other items for which sturdiness is required, as well as in such fashion objects as handbags, electronic device cases, and shoes. It is popularly used by arti

thumb|A linen handkerchief with [[drawn thread work around the edges]] thumb|upright|Linen cloth recovered from Qumran Cave 1 near the [[Dead Sea]] thumb|Flax stem, fiber, yarn, and woven and knitted linen textiles

material fibers about 5–10 μm in diameter composed of carbon

thumb|Woman's white muslin dress with tiered flounces, Europe, c. 1855 Muslin () is a cotton fabric of plain weave. It is made in a wide range of weights from delicate sheers to coarse sheeting. It is commonly believed that it gets its name from the city of Mosul, Iraq.

thumb|Satin weave. The warp yarns are shown running top to bottom, weft running sideways folding at each side. In this case, each warp thread floats over 15 weft threads, then passes under one weft thread, then floats for 15 more threads. thumb|Purple satin fabric alt=satin cloth|thumb|376x376px|A dress made from satin. A satin weave is a type of fabric weave that produces a characteristically glossy, smooth or lustrous material, typically with a glossy top surface and a dull back; it is not durable, as it tends to snag. It is one of three fundamental types of textile weaves alongside plain we

thumb|Elastic material used in the fabrics of a summer cycling kit|cycling attire comprising a jersey, [[bib shorts and gloves]]

thumb|upright=1.2|Denim fabric dyed with indigo thumb|right|upright=1.2|Denim fabric dyed with indigo and black dyes and made into a shirt

right|thumb|upright=1.4|Harris Tweed woven in a herringbone [[twill pattern, mid-20th century]] Tweed is a rough, woollen fabric, of a soft, open, flexible texture, resembling cheviot or homespun, but more closely woven. It is usually woven with a plain weave, twill or herringbone structure. Colour effects in the yarn may be obtained by mixing dyed wool before it is spun.

textiles formed by weaving

A crinoline is a stiff or structured petticoat designed to hold out a skirt, popular at various times since the mid-19th century. Originally, crinoline described a stiff fabric made of horsehair ("crin") and cotton or linen which was used to make underskirts and as a dress lining. The term crin or crinoline continues to be applied to a nylon stiffening tape used for interfacing and lining hemlines in the 21st century.

alt=Grenn flannel shirt in front of red brick wall|thumb|Flannel shirts are often tartan|plaid. Flannel is a soft woven fabric of varying fineness. Flannel was originally made from carded wool or worsted yarn, but is now often made from either wool, cotton, or synthetic fiber. Flannel is commonly used to make tartan clothing, blankets, bed sheets, sleepwear, and several other uses.

thumb|Gauze veil thumb|Tutu (clothing)|Tutu thumb|Gauze swab thumb|Gauze balls

thumb|Gabardine thumb|Closeup view of gabardine fabric

thumb|right|200px|Detail of a dress made of silk taffeta, c. 1880 Taffeta (archaically spelled taffety or taffata) is a crisp, smooth, plain woven fabric made from silk, nylon, cuprammonium rayons, acetate, or polyester. The word came into Middle English via Old French and Old Italian, which borrowed the Persian word tāfta (تافته), which means "silk" or "linen cloth". As clothing, it is used in ball gowns, wedding dresses, and corsets, and in interior decoration, for curtains or wallcovering. It tends to yield a stiff cloth with a starched appearance that holds its shape better than many other

thumb|The weave of calico sample from a shopping bag shown against a [[centimetre scale]] Calico (; in British usage since 1505) is a heavy plain-woven textile made from unbleached, and often not fully processed, cotton. It may also contain unseparated husk parts. The fabric is coarser than muslin, but less coarse and thick than canvas or denim. It is still very cheap owing to its unfinished and undyed appearance.

thumb|Cotton corduroy thumb|Cotton and woolen corduroy Corduroy is a textile with a distinctively raised "cord" or wale texture. Modern corduroy is most commonly composed of tufted cords, sometimes exhibiting a channel (bare to the base fabric) between them. Both velvet and corduroy derive from fustian fabric. Corduroy looks as if it is made from multiple cords laid parallel to each other.

sheer, lightweight plain-woven textile of fine, tightly-twisted yarn, of silk or various synthetic fibers

lightweight and very fine netting

any of various fabrics with twisted threads, often crinkled surface

thumb|A blue khadi kurta. Khadi (, ), derived from khaddar, is a hand-spun and woven natural fibre cloth promoted by Mahatma Gandhi as swadeshi (of homeland) for the freedom struggle of India and the term is used throughout the Indian subcontinent. The first piece of the hand-woven cloth was made in the Sabarmati Ashram of Gandhi during 1917–18. The coarseness of the cloth led Gandhi to call it khadi. The cloth is made from cotton, but it may also include silk or wool, which are all spun into yarn on a charkha. It is a versatile fabric that remains cool in summer and warm in winter. To improve

thumb|Terrycloth (close-up) thumb|Terrycloth wash mitt

thumb|right|200px|A twill weave can be identified by its diagonal lines. This is a 2/2 twill, with two Warp (weaving)|warp threads crossing every two [[weft threads.]] thumb|175px|A 3/1 twill, as used in denim right|thumb|180px|Structure of a twill. The offset at each row forms the diagonal pattern. right|thumb|180px|Structure of a twill

woven fabric from jute or sisal

thumb|Wool broadcloth jacket, . LACMA M.65.8a-d thumb| The dark purple broadcloth and gold outfit of Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden|Gustav II Adolf, King of Sweden from 1611 to 1632 thumb|Littoinen broadcloth factory, Finland

thumb|Poplin thumbnail|Poplin dress embroidered with grape vines from Aguascalientes at the [[Museo de Arte Popular in Mexico City]]

thumb|Skirt made from organza thumb|Organza bag protecting a plant. Organza is a thin, plain weave, sheer fabric traditionally made from silk. Many modern organzas are woven with synthetic filament fibers such as polyester or nylon. Silk organza is woven by a number of mills along the Yangtze River and in the province of Zhejiang in China. A coarser silk organza is woven in the Bangalore area of India. Deluxe silk organzas are woven in France and Italy. Organza is distinguished by its crisp hand, stiffness relative to weight, and slippery surface texture.

right|thumb|upright=0.8|Silk foulard thumb|190px|Marek Jakubiak with foulardA foulard is a lightweight fabric, either twill or plain-woven, made of silk or a mix of silk and cotton. Foulards usually have a small printed design of various colors. By metonymy, it can also be an article of clothing, such as scarves and neckties, made from this fabric. In men's neckties, foulard is a pattern rather than a material; it is a small-scale pattern with basic block repeat, also called a set pattern or a tailored pattern.

a process of weaving in which each weft thread always passes alternately over then under every successive warp thread

2/2 twill-woven fabric of silk, worsted, or other fibres

casual trousers made of chino cloth

thumb|"Chinoiserie" (19th century). Four designs framed by plant forms in raspberry on an off-white percale.

woven fabric with a raised rib, often in a diamond or honeycomb pattern, usually of cotton

woven fabric with metallic thread in the weft

sheer, lightweight crepe fabric made from silk or manufactured fibres

Ghanaian fabric made of strips that are woven from silk, cotton or rayon using horizontal looms

Cretonne was originally a strong, white fabric with a hempen warp and linen weft. thumb|printed cretonne The word is sometimes said to be derived from Créton, a village in Mesnils-sur-Iton (Eure, Upper Normandy) where the manufacture of linen was carried on; some other serious sources mention that the cretonne was invented by Paul Creton, an inhabitant of Vimoutiers in the Pays d'Auge, Lower Normandy, France, a village very active in the textile industry in the past centuries.

thumb|right|Little girl in an organdy dress. Circa 1900. Valencian Museum of Ethnology collection. Organdy, also spelled Organdie, is a kind of fabric. It is a lightweight, balanced plain weave made of cotton with features of sheerness and crispness.

thumb|Traditional oilcloth thumb|Rolls of oilcloth Oilcloth, also known as enameled cloth or American cloth, is close-woven cotton duck or linen cloth with a coating of boiled linseed oil to make it waterproof.

thumb|Buckram is available in many colors. Buckram is a stiff cotton, or occasionally, linen or horse-hair cloth with a plain, usually loose, weave, produced in various weights similar to muslin and other plain-weave fabrics. The fabric is soaked in a sizing agent such as wheat-starch paste, glue (such as PVA glue), or pyroxylin (gelatinized nitrocellulose, developed around 1910), then dried. When rewetted or warmed, it can be shaped to create durable firm fabric for book covers, hats, and elements of clothing.

thumb|Blue and white is a common seersucker color combination.

thumb|300px|Textile samples: fustian, linen and [[moleskin]]

thumb|upright=1.4|A baize-covered snooker table

thumb|A blue worsted wool girl's dress from the United States, made in approximately 1878, from the collection of Conner Prairie Worsted ( or ) is a high-quality type of wool yarn, the fabric made from this yarn, and a yarn weight category. The name derives from Worstead (from Old English Wurðestede, "enclosure place"), a village in the English county of Norfolk. That village, together with North Walsham and Aylsham, formed a manufacturing centre for yarn and cloth in the 12th century, when pasture enclosure and liming rendered the East Anglian soil too rich for the older agrarian sheep breeds

ribbed or corded fabric with a wavy or watered appearance

type of handwoven cloth

type of woven dress shirt fabric

tough, plain-woven fabric made from wild silk

Piña ( ) is a traditional Philippine fiber made from the leaves of the pineapple plant. Pineapples are indigenous to South America but have been widely cultivated in the Philippines since the 17th century, and used for weaving lustrous lace-like luxury textiles known as nipis fabric. The name is derived from Spanish piña, meaning "pineapple".

thumb|200px|Gingham cloth with green and white checks Gingham, also called Vichy check, is a medium-weight balanced plain-woven fabric typically with tartan (plaid), striped, or check duotone patterns, in bright colour and in white made from dyed cotton or cotton-blend yarns. It is made of carded, medium or fine yarns.

thumb|A close-up of a piece of grosgrain ribbon. Note the ribs that go across the ribbon. thumb|Grosgrain ribbons in various colors and widths

thumb|upright|Oilskin jacket and [[sou'wester]]

__NOTOC__ thumb|Ripstop fabric

Jamdani () is a fine muslin textile (figured with different patterns) produced for centuries in South Rupshi of Narayanganj district in Bangladesh on the bank of Shitalakshya River.

Linens, also referred to uncountably as linen, are fabric household goods intended for daily use, such as bedding, tablecloths, and towels. "Linens" may also refer to church linens, the altar cloths used in church.

thumb|Light bulb in a voile safety bag (; French for veil) is a soft, sheer fabric, usually made of 99% cotton or cotton blended with linen or polyester. Named for its light weight, the fabric is mostly used in soft furnishing. In tropical climates, voile is used for window treatments and mosquito nets. When used as curtain material, voile is similar to net curtains.

thumb | right Etamine is a loosely woven fabric with a similar structure to voile or a mesh. It is an open fabric structure manufactured with plain weaving by using hardly twisted cotton or wool yarns. There were further variations including various fibres such as silk. Etamine was initially used as filter cloth, but became popular in women's skirts from 1910. Etamine was used in a variety of applications, including garments, nun's veils, and even flags.

any synthetic fiber which resembles silk

coarse, strong silk fibre from various species of Asian moth silkworms

natural animal fiber, soft wool of the camel