Abu Simbel
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Abu Simbel is a UNESCO World Heritage Site in southern Egypt consisting of two massive rock temples carved into a mountainside, originally built in the 13th century BCE during the reign of Pharaoh Ramesses II. The site is historically significant as a masterpiece of ancient Egyptian architecture and engineering, and it gained modern prominence when it was relocated in the 1960s to save it from flooding caused by the construction of the Aswan High Dam.
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Abu Simbel is a historic site comprising two massive rock-cut temples in the village of Abu Simbel (Arabic: أبو سمبل), Aswan Governorate, Upper Egypt, near the border with Sudan. It is located on the western bank of Lake Nasser, about 230 km (140 mi) southwest of Aswan (about 300 km (190 mi) by road). Its latitude of 22° 20′ 13″ N (22.3369 °N) is 1.0978°, which are 122 km (75.8 ml), south of the tropic of Cancer.
The twin temples were originally carved out of the mountainside in the 13th century BC, during the 19th Dynasty reign of the Pharaoh Ramesses II. Their huge external rock relief figures of Ramesses II have become iconic. His wife, Nefertari, and children can be seen in smaller figures by his feet. Sculptures inside the Great Temple commemorate Ramesses II's heroic leadership at the Battle of Kadesh.