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Araneae
Also known as the spider order, spiders, spider (animal), spider (arachnid), spider (arthropod), true spiders, spider, Spider
Spiders (order Araneae) are air-breathing arthropods that have eight limbs, chelicerae with fangs generally able to inject venom, and spinnerets that extrude silk. They are the largest order of arachnids and rank seventh in total species diversity among all orders of organisms. Spiders are found worldwide on every continent except Antarctica, and have become established in nearly every land habitat. , 53,680 spider species in 139 families have been recorded by taxonomists. However, there has been debate among scientists about how families should be classified, with over 20 different classifica
AI overview
Araneae is the scientific name for spiders, eight-legged arthropods that can inject venom through their fangs and produce silk from specialized body parts called spinnerets. They are the seventh most diverse group of organisms on Earth, with nearly 54,000 known species found on every continent except Antarctica, making them one of the most successful and widespread predators in land ecosystems worldwide.
AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.
Species
spiders
Araneae
ORDER
- KingdomAnimalia
- PhylumArthropoda
- ClassArachnida
- OrderAraneae
Habitatmarine, brackish, freshwater
Observations1
Observations recorded8,835,104
注意：本頁面含有Unicode未收錄的字：「」。有关字符可能會错误显示，詳见Unicode扩展汉字。 本文介紹的是一種節肢動物。關於蜘蛛的其他含义，請見「蜘蛛 (消歧义)」。 亞目 中突蛛亚目 Mesothelae 原蛛亚目 Mygalomorphae 新蛛亚目 Araneomorphae 蜘蛛是螯肢亞門節肢動物，有兩個體段，八條腿，但沒有咀嚼器官。古代北燕、朝鮮之閒謂之蝳蜍（音同「毒余」），四川重慶部分地區叫蟴。截至2014年，共有114科3,935属44,906种[1]。蜘蛛目是蛛形纲中数量最多的一个目。研究蜘蛛的學科稱作蜘蛛學。 目录 1 構造 1.1 毒性 1.2 消化 1.3 運動 1.4 蜘蛛絲 1.5 解剖 2 掠食性 3 繁殖 4 分佈 5 習性 5.1 結網性蜘蛛 5.2 徘徊性蜘蛛 6 价值 7 分類 8 文化 9 參考資料 9.1 腳注 10 參看 構造 1. 觸肢2. 頭胸部3. 腹部4. 腳5. 單眼（6或8） 毒性 所有的蜘蛛，除了渦蛛科、Holarchaeidae和中突蛛亞目共約350種的三類蜘蛛，其餘的都可以以注入毒液來保護自己或殺死獵物。不過只有約200種會叮咬人[2]，並可能構成人類的健康問題。被許多較大的物種叮咬可能會，但是不會持久地產生健康問題。但少数种类的蜘蛛咬伤人，可能会有致命的危险，如黑寡妇蜘蛛。 消化 （反面）1. 書肺2. 吐絲器；紡器3. 生殖板4. 氣管氣門 在蜘蛛的身上，一般節肢動物的體節結合成兩個體段，頭胸部和腹部，由一個圓柱狀的小肉莖連接。和所有的節肢動物一樣，牠們的體腔很小，主要的體腔是血腔，血淋巴經由血腔輸送氧氣和養分到組織中，並移除廢物。牠們的消化系統太狹窄了，以致於蜘蛛們無法吃大塊的固體。所以牠們透過將食物充滿消化酵素將食物液化，並且用嘴邊的附屬肢磨碎食物。 運動 除了最原始的中突蛛亞目以外，所有的蜘蛛都擁有全節肢動物裡最集中的神經系統－牠們所有結合在一起。不像大部分的節肢動物，蜘蛛的腳沒有伸肌，而是靠液壓來伸展牠們的腳。 蜘蛛絲 主条目：蜘蛛絲 牠們的腹部擁有絲囊的附屬肢，可以從腹部的腺體擠出（extrude）多達六種絲。蜘蛛絲同時具有的輕質、強度和彈性遠超過了人造物質，並且已有蜘蛛絲的基因被嵌入哺乳類動物和植物中[來源請求]，以觀察是否能當作生產絲的工廠。 解剖 蜘蛛，不像昆蟲，只有兩個體節（tagmata）而不是三個，分別為頭部及胸部的融合（稱為頭胸部或前體部）和腹部（稱為後體部）。例外於此規則的是刺客蜘蛛，其頭胸部幾乎分成兩個獨立的單位。除了少數非常原始的蜘蛛物種（節板蛛科），腹部不是從外部分割的。腹部和頭胸部經由一個薄薄的腰部連接，這個部位被稱為椎根或pregenital somite，此性狀使蜘蛛的腹部可以向任何方向移動。這腰部其實是頭胸部最後的節（somite），大多數其它蛛形
~59 min read
Article
44 sectionsContents
- Etymology
- Anatomy and physiology
- Body plan
- Circulation and respiration
- Feeding, digestion and excretion
- Central nervous system
- Sense organs
- Eyes
- Other senses
- Locomotion
- Silk production
- Reproduction and life cycle
- Size
- Coloration
- Ecology and behavior
- Non-predatory feeding
- Capturing prey
- Defense
- Socialization
- Web types
- Orb
- Cobweb
- Other
- Web design in zero gravity
- Evolution
- Fossil record
- External relationships
- Internal relationships
- Taxonomy
- Mesothelae
- Mygalomorphae
- Araneomorphae
- Human interaction
- Media coverage and misconceptions
- Bites
- Silk
- Arachnophobia
- As food
- Spiders in culture
- See also
- Citations
- General and cited references
- Further reading
- External links
Spiders (order Araneae) are air-breathing arthropods that have eight limbs, chelicerae with fangs generally able to inject venom, and spinnerets that extrude silk. They are the largest order of arachnids and rank seventh in total species diversity among all orders of organisms. Spiders are found worldwide on every continent except Antarctica, and have become established in nearly every land habitat. , 53,680 spider species in 139 families have been recorded by taxonomists. However, there has been debate among scientists about how families should be classified, with over 20 different classifications proposed since 1900.
Anatomically, spiders (as with all arachnids) differ from other arthropods in that the usual body segments are fused into two tagmata, the cephalothorax or prosoma, and the opisthosoma, or abdomen, and joined by a small, cylindrical pedicel. However, as there is currently neither paleontological nor embryological evidence that spiders ever had a separate thorax-like division, there exists an argument against the validity of the term cephalothorax, which means fused cephalon (head) and the thorax. Similarly, arguments can be formed against the use of the term "abdomen", as the opisthosoma of all spiders contains a heart and respiratory organs, organs atypical of an abdomen.