玄武岩

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In the Vinony graph

Within Vinony's link graph, 玄武岩 is referenced by 5,268 other articles, and connects out to lava, igneous rock and plate tectonics.

It is catalogued under the topic Basalt.

Its subject is documented across 94 Wikipedia language editions.

Key facts

Rock.name: Basalt
Rock.type: Igneous
Rock.image: Basalt 12 (48674276333).jpg
Rock.composition: Mafic: plagioclase, amphibole, and pyroxene
Rock.composition_secondary: Sometimes feldspathoids or olivine

via Wikipedia infobox

Wikidata facts

Subclass of: volcanic rock
Named after: Black Tortoise
Image: Basalto afanitico e quasi afirico per i rari e minuti fenocristalli.jpg

Show 6 more facts

Commons category: Basalt
topic's main category: Category:Basalt
Commons gallery: Basalt
described by source: Pauly–Wissowa
on focus list of Wikimedia project: Wikipedia:Vital articles/Level/4
exact match: purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000236

Sources (5)

via Wikidata · CC0

Article · 中文

玄武岩（英語：basalt）是一種细粒致密、外觀呈黑色的火成岩，密度約為2.8～3.3g/cm3，由基性岩漿噴發凝結而成，主要成分是硅铝酸钠或硅铝酸钙，二氧化硅的含量大约是45-52%，还含有较高的氧化铁和氧化镁。由于喷发时产生大量气孔，有时是大孔如杏仁状构造，后来中间常被其他矿物充填。玄武岩岩浆的黏度小，易于流动，形成很大的覆盖层，常形成广大的熔岩台地，所以分布很广。玄武岩根据其成分不同可以分为拉斑玄武岩、碱性玄武岩、高铝玄武岩；按其结构不同可分为气孔状玄武岩、杏仁状玄武岩、玄武玻璃；按其充填矿物不同可分为橄榄玄武岩、紫苏辉石玄武岩等。没有被风化的玄武岩是黑色或暗绿色的致密岩石，由于其凝结后产生六方晶体节理，被风化后形成六方柱状，风化厉害可以形成黄褐色的玄武土，如果进一步被雨水淋滤，除去二氧化硅形成铝土矿。有的玄武岩气孔中还充填有铜、钴、硫磺等矿物。

Abstract from DBpedia / Wikipedia · CC BY-SA