Also known as White Russia, White Ruthenia, Republic of Belarus, by, Byeloruss, BLR, Bielorussia, Belorussia
país de Europa
Belarus is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe bordered by Russia, Ukraine, Poland, Lithuania, and Latvia, with its capital in Minsk. The country is administratively divided into six regions and has a hemiboreal climate.
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thumb|300px|Independence Square in [[Minsk]]
thumb|375px|Visa free access anywhere for citizens of countries marked in green. Visa free entry for entry through Minsk Airport only for countries marked in ochre 300px|thumb|Church of the Transfiguration, Rakaŭ Although Belarus has an open border with Russia, third country nationals are not permitted to cross the border between Russia and Belarus overland; they are required to fly to travel directly between the two countries.
300px|thumb|Getting around [[Bobruisk in Belarus]]
With an area of , travelling around Belarus should not take a lot of time. A car ride to Brest from Minsk should take you about 4 hours, depending on traffic conditions.
300px|thumb|[[Brest (Belarus)|Brest fortress]]
The appeal of Belarus are little known, but the off the beaten track character of this unfamiliar country is exactly what makes it special to the people that visit. Much of the historic heritage was lost to World War II violence or to post-war communist planning, but there's more to see than one might expect at first glance. Take Minsk, the country's surprisingly modern and distinctively Eastern European capital, bustling with nightclubs and modern restaurants but simultaneously a monument of Communist architecture and city development, as it had to be completely reconstructed after the war. It's home to the fine Belarus State Museum, Independence Square (where democratic protests make world news every so many years) and the former KGB Headquarters but also the humbling Zaslavsky Jewish Monument. Far more western is the border city of Brest, where you'll find the 19th-century Brest Fortress, the site of a long and severe Operation Barbarossa battle and a monument of the Soviet resistance against the Germans.
There are four World Heritage Sites, although one, the Struve Geodetic Arc which provided the basis for the first meridian measurement, offers little more than an inscription to see. Of more interest for visitors are the late medieval Mir Castle Complex and Nesvizh Castle. They are the best of the country's castles, but a few more can be found if you're interested. For a glance of 19th-century life, visit the Dudutki Open A…
Bielorrusia (en bielorruso, Беларусь, romanización Belarús), oficialmente conocida como República de Bielorrusia o República de Belarús (en bielorruso, Рэспубліка Беларусь, romanización Respúblika Belarús); (en ruso, Республика Белоруссия, romanización Respúblika Belorússiya), es un país soberano sin litoral situado en la Europa Oriental, y que formó parte de la Unión de Repúblicas Socialistas Soviéticas (URSS) hasta 1991. Limita al norte con Lituania y Letonia, al este con la Federación de Rusia, al sur con Ucrania y al oeste con Polonia. La capital es Minsk. La mayoría de la población de Bielorrusia (casi 10 millones de habitantes) vive en las áreas urbanas alrededor de Minsk o en las capitales de las otras provincias. Más del 80 % de la población son nativos bielorrusos, y el resto la componen minorías de rusos, polacos y ucranianos. Desde un referéndum celebrado en 1995, el país ha tenido dos idiomas oficiales: el bielorruso y el ruso. El principal credo en el país es el cristianismo, principalmente el ortodoxo ruso; la segunda rama cristiana más popular, el catolicismo, tiene un seguimiento mucho menor en comparación. Es un país completamente llano (no supera los 300 metros sobre el nivel del mar), dividido en tres zonas geográficas bien diferenciadas: la del norte, abundante en lagos; la meseta boscosa central y la parte sur, muy pantanosa y deshabitada, llamada Marismas de Pinsk. Antiguamente llamada Rusia blanca, los bielorrusos carecieron de la oportunidad de crear una identidad nacional distintiva hasta el siglo XX, porque durante siglos las tierras de la actual Bielorrusia pertenecieron a varios países étnicamente diferentes, como el Principado de Pólatsk, el Gran Ducado de Lituania y la Mancomunidad de Polonia-Lituania. Después de la breve existencia de la República Nacional Bielorrusa (1918-1919), Bielorrusia se convirtió en una república constituyente de la URSS, la República Socialista Soviética de Bielorrusia. La unificación definitiva de Bielorrusia, a grandes rasgos dentro de sus fronteras modernas, tuvo lugar en 1939, cuando las tierras ruso-bielorrusas en poder de la Segunda República Polaca (1918-1939) se anexaron a la Unión Soviética en virtud de los términos del Pacto Ribbentrop-Mólotov tras la invasión soviética de Polonia. El territorio de este país fue devastado en la Segunda Guerra Mundial, durante la cual Bielorrusia perdió alrededor de un tercio de su población y más de la mitad de sus recursos económicos. La República fue rehabilitada en los años posteriores a la guerra. El Sóviet Supremo (parlamento) de la RSS de Bielorrusia declaró la soberanía de Bielorrusia el 27 de julio de 1990 (véase desfile de Soberanías) y, el 25 de agosto de 1991, Bielorrusia se declaró independiente. Tras la firma del Tratado de Belavezha el 8 de diciembre de 1991 y la posterior disolución de la URSS, Bielorrusia obtuvo la independencia. Aleksandr Lukashenko es presidente del país desde 1994. Durante su presidencia, Lukashenko ha implementado políticas similares a las de la era soviética, como la propiedad estatal de la economía, a pesar de las objeciones de los gobiernos occidentales. Desde 2000, Bielorrusia y Rusia firmaron un tratado para una mayor cooperación con algunos toques de la formación de un Estado de la Unión. El país es considerado una dictadura por todos los índices de calidad democrática. En el informe de la relatora especial de Derechos Humanos de la ONU para Bielorrusia, Anaïs Marin, se condena la escalada sin precedentes de las violaciones de los derechos humanos en el país, destacando entre otros la privación arbitraria de la libertad de los ciudadanos, la tortura, las penas crueles, las desapariciones y la ausencia total de libertad de expresión en el país. En 2018, Bielorrusia ocupa el puesto 53 de 189 países en el Índice de Desarrollo Humano de la ONU y se encuentra en el grupo de países con «desarrollo muy alto». Con un sistema sanitario eficiente, tiene una tasa de mortalidad infantil muy baja, de 2,9 (frente a 6,6 en Rusia o 3,7 en el Reino Unido). La tasa de médicos per cápita es de 40,7 por cada 10 000 habitantes (la cifra es de 26,7 en Rumania, 32 en Finlandia y 41,9 en Suecia) y la tasa de alfabetización se estima en un 99 %. Según el Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo, el coeficiente de Gini (indicador de desigualdad) es uno de los más bajos, y por lo tanto igualitarios, de Europa.
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Watch football: 16 teams play in the Belarusian Premier League, with four based in Minsk. The national team play at Dinamo Stadium in Minsk city centre, which is also the home ground of FC Minsk. The playing season is April-Nov. The Premier League gained attention in 2020 when it continued through the Covid pandemic, so it attracted TV spectators and betting from a global audience whose local games were halted.
thumb|300px|Draniki (potato pancakes)
In a nutshell: potatoes, pork, beef, bread.
If you are looking for a national gourmet meal, then you are in the right place. Most of the products and ingredients are organic, and radiation levels are constantly checked in the food to avoid contamination.
Take fresh bison, and if you do not have any, you can use elk instead. From an 18th-century Belarusian cookbook
Modern Belarusian cookery is based on old national traditions, which have undergone a long historical evolution, with similarities to the Russian cuisine. But the main methods of traditional Belarusian cuisine are carefully maintained by the people.
Dishes made with potatoes, which are called "the second bread", are common in Belarus. The Belarusians bring fame to their beloved potato in their verses, songs and dances. There are special potato cafes in the country where you can try various potato dishes. Many salads include potatoes; they are served together with mushrooms and/or meat; different pirazhki (patties) and baked puddings are made from it. The most popular among the Belarusians is traditional draniki (known as "latkes" to North Americans, but eaten only with sour cream, never apple sauce), thick pancakes prepared from shredded potatoes. The wide spread of potato dishes in Belarusian cuisine can be explained by natural climatic conditions of Belarus which are propitious for growing highly starched and tasty sorts of potatoes.
Meat and meat products, especially po…
thumb|"Belaya Rus" vodka
Typical non-alcoholic drinks include kefir, which is a sort of sour milk, similar to yogurt, kvas and kompot.
Vodka (harelka), bitter herbal nastoikas (especially Belavezhskaja) and sweet balsams are the most common alcoholic drinks.
Krambambula is a traditional medieval alcoholic drink which you can buy in most stores or order in a restaurant. It's a pretty strong drink but its taste is much softer than vodka.
Medovukha (or myadukha) is a honey-based alcoholic beverage very similar to mead.
Sbiten is a combination of kvass, another common soft alcohol drink, with honey.
Berezavik or biarozavy sok is a birch tree sap which is collected in March from small holes in birch tree trunks, with no harm to the plants. There are several variations of this very refreshing alcohol-free drink, which is a good thirst-quencher in hot weather.
Don't leave valuable items, such as computers, mobile phones, or wallets/cash in hotel rooms as there have been reports of thefts by housekeepers.
thumb|The old Belarusian national flag, which is widely used by the opposition
Belarus is generally a safe country, largely because crime is punished severely by the government. Street-level crime is rare and usually does not affect tourists. You should still apply common sense and be vigilant of your surroundings.
Medical care is generally poor and is well below western standards. Furthermore, the system is generally inaccessible to those who aren't proficient in Russian and/or Belarusian. Even if you have travel health insurance it might not be valid in Belarus.
Ambulances are poorly equipped and unreliable; a wait time of 30 minutes or more is not unusual. The fastest way to secure Western European-level care is medical evacuation to the European Union.
Tuberculosis (TB) is an increasingly serious health concern in Belarus. Consider consulting with a doctor about getting vaccinated before traveling to Belarus.
The impact of the Chernobyl disaster on the food chain is an ongoing study. Food inspectors check food not only for bacterial contamination but also its radiation levels. Most food is considered safe, except if sourced from the banned regions within 50 km of the Chernobyl plant or the second hotspot around the intersection of the Russian, Ukrainian and Belarusian borders.
Tap water is not safe for drinking. Buy bottled water.
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