File:Cow_(Fleckvieh_breed)_Oeschinensee_Slaunger_2009-07-07.jpg · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons

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cattle

Also known as bovine, cows, cow, domestic cattle, domestic cow, Bos taurus + indicus

Cattle (Bos taurus) are large, domesticated, bovid ungulates widely kept as livestock. They are prominent modern members of the subfamily Bovinae and the most widespread species of the genus Bos. Mature female cattle are called cows and mature males are called bulls.

OverviewAI-generated

Cattle are a taxon with the common name vaca, also known as taurine cattle and zebu. They are subclassed as cattle and include parts such as bulls, cows, and oxen. The subject is distinct from the terms cow and cattle. Their primary food source is Poaceae. They are a source of beef, cow's milk, and cowhide.

The earliest recorded date for cattle is about 10.5 thousand years ago. They have a gestation period of 9 months and a litter size of 1. Sexual maturity begins at age 8, and the period of lactation lasts 11 months. The longest observed lifespan is 48 months. Audible sounds range from a minimum frequency of 23 to a maximum of 35000. Unicode characters for the subject are 🐄 and 🐮.

Synthesized by Vinony from 25 facts across 3 sources: Wikidata, PubMed, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Research

419,063 papers

Metabolic Diseases in Beef Cattle.ReviewThe Veterinary clinics of North America. Food animal practice · 2023Hindman MSDOI: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2023.02.011
Mobility Scoring of Finished Cattle.ReviewThe Veterinary clinics of North America. Food animal practice · 2017Edwards-Callaway LN, Calvo-Lorenzo MS, Scanga JA et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2017.02.006
Conservation and upgradation of indigenous Cholistani cattle breed of Pakistan: a pathway to sustainable livestock.ReviewTropical animal health and production · 2024Farooq U, Idris M, Rashid HDOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-04013-y
Global prevalence of Cryptosporidium andersoni in dairy cattle: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Acta tropica · 2024Qin H, Chen Y, Wu Y et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107427
Managing Heat Stress Episodes in Confined Cattle.ReviewThe Veterinary clinics of North America. Food animal practice · 2018Sullivan KF, Mader TLDOI: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2018.05.001
Rodeo cattle's many performances.ReviewJournal of the American Veterinary Medical Association · 2001Furman JW
Scientific characterization methods for better utilization of cattle dung and urine: a concise review.ReviewTropical animal health and production · 2023Singh Y, Rani J, Kushwaha J et al.DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03691-4
Cattle identification based on multiple feature decision layer fusion.Scientific reports · 2024Li D, Li B, Li Q et al.DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-76718-x

via PubMed

~33 min read

Encyclopedic overview

36 sections

Contents

Etymology
Characteristics
Description
Digestive system
Reproduction
Cognition
Senses
Behavior
Dominance hierarchy
Grazing behavior
Temperament and emotions
Sleep
Genetics
Evolution
Phylogeny
Taxonomy
Husbandry
Practices
Population
Economy
Meat
Dairy
Draft animals
Hides
Health
Pests and diseases
Role of climate change
Impact of cattle husbandry
On public health
On the environment
On animal welfare
In culture
See also
References
Further reading
External links

Taurine cattle are widely distributed across Europe and temperate areas of Asia, the Americas, and Australia. Zebus are found mainly in India and tropical areas of Asia, America, and Australia. Sanga cattle are found primarily in sub-Saharan Africa. These types, sometimes classified as separate species or subspecies, are further divided into over 1,000 recognized breeds.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “cattle” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.