Crassocephalum

Crassocephalum is a genus the common names of whose members include ragleaf, thickhead, and bologi. Several species are raised as leaf vegetables and used for medicine, especially in West Africa. Similar to Senecio, but differing in never having ray florets. A calyculus of short bracts (c.1/4 to 1/5 of the length of the inner phyllaries) is present. The genus is typically thistle-like in appearance, but all parts are soft and not spiny.

==Species== thumb|C. crepidioides Species include: Crassocephalum afromontanum R.E. Fr., Acta Horti Berg. 9: 144, 1928 Crassocephalum aurantiacum (Blume) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 331, 1891 Crassocephalum auriformis S. Moore, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 37: 171, 1904 Crassocephalum baoulense (Hutch. & Dalziel) Milne-Redh., Kew Bull. 5: 377, 1951 Crassocephalum bauchiense (Hutch.) Milne-Redh., Kew Bull. 5: 376, 1951 Crassocephalum behmianum (Muschl.) S. Moore, J. Bot. 50: 212, 1912 Crassocephalum biafrae (Oliv. & Hiern) S. Moore, J. Bot. 50: 211, 1912 Crassocephalum bojeri (DC.) Robyns, Fl. Spermat. Parc Natl. Albert 2: 544, 1947 Crassocephalum bougheyanum C.D. Adams, J. W. African Sci. Assoc. 3: 111, 1957 Crassocephalum bumbense S. Moore, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 47: 279, 1925 Crassocephalum butaguensis (Muschl.) S. Moore, J. Bot. 50: 211, 1912 Crassocephalum cernuum (L. f.) Moench, Suppl. Pl. 370, 1781 Crassocephalum coeruleum (O. Hoffm.) R.E. Fr., Wiss. Erg. Schwed. Rhod.-Kongo Exp. 342, 1916 Crassocephalum crepidioides (Benth.) S. Moore, J. Bot. 50(595): 211–212, 1912 Crassocephalum diversifolium Hiern, Cat. Afr. Pl. 1(3): 594, 1898 Crassocephalum ducis-aprutii (Chiov.) S. Moore, J. Bot. 50: 212, 1912 Crassocephalum effusum (Mattf.) C. Jeffrey, Kew Bull. 41(4): 907, 1986 Crassocephalum flavum Decne., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 2: 265, 1834 Crassocephalum gossweileri S. Moore, J. Bot. 56: 226, 1918 Crassocephalum gracile (Hook. f.) Milne-Redh. ex Guinea, Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 1: 307, 1951 Crassocephalum guineense C.D. Adams, J. W. African Sci. Assoc. 8: 129, 1964 Crassocephalum heteromorphum (Hutch. & Burtt.) C. Jeffrey, Kew Bull. 41(4): 908, 1986 Crassocephalum lemuricum (Humbert) Humbert, Fl. Madagasc. 189(3): 832, 1963 Crassocephalum libericum S. Moore, J. Bot. 54: 282, 1916 Crassocephalum longirameum S. Moore, J. Bot. 58: 46, 1920 Crassocephalum luteum (Humbert) Humbert, Fl. Madagasc. 189(3): 836, 1963 Crassocephalum macropappus (Sch. Bip. ex A. Rich.) S. Moore, J. Bot. 1912(1): 212, 1912 Crassocephalum manampanihense (Humbert) Humbert, Fl. Madagasc. 189(3): 835, 1963 Crassocephalum mannii (Hook. f.) Milne-Redh., Kew Bull. 5: 377, 1951 Crassocephalum miniatum (Welw.) Hiern, Cat. Afr. Pl. 1: 595, 1898 Crassocephalum montuosum (S. Moore) Milne-Redh., Kew Bull. 5: 376, 1951 Crassocephalum multicorymbosum (Klatt) S. Moore, J. Bot. 50: 211, 1912 Crassocephalum notonioides S. Moore, J. Bot. 40: 341, 1902 Crassocephalum paludum C. Jeffrey, Kew Bull. 41(4): 906, 1986 Crassocephalum picridifolium (DC.) S. Moore, J. Bot. 50: 212, 1912 Crassocephalum radiatum S. Moore, J. Bot. 56: 227, 1918 Crassocephalum rubens (B. Juss. ex Jacq.) S. Moore, J. Bot. 50: 212, 1912 Crassocephalum ruwenzoriensis S. Moore, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 35: 352, 1902 Crassocephalum sarcobasis (DC.) S. Moore, J. Bot. 50: 211, 1912 Crassocephalum scandens (O. Hoffm.) Hiern, Cat. Afr. Pl. 595, 1898 Crassocephalum sonchifolium (Baker) Humbert, Fl. Madagasc. 189(3): 834, 1963 Crassocephalum sonchifolium (L.) Less., Linnaea 6(2): 252, 1831 Crassocephalum splendens C. Jeffrey, Kew Bull. 41: 905, 1986 Crassocephalum subscandens (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) S. Moore, J. Bot. 50: 211, 1912 Crassocephalum togoense C.D. Adams, J. W. African Sci. Assoc. 1: 27, 1954 Crassocephalum uvens (Hiern) S. Moore, J. Bot. 50: 212, 1912 Crassocephalum valerianifolium (Link ex Spreng.) Less., Linnaea 5(1): 163, 1830 Crassocephalum vitellinum (Benth.) S. Moore, J. Bot. 50: 212, 1912