data type
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A data type is a classification system that tells a computer what kind of information it's dealing with—such as numbers, text, or true/false values—so it knows how to store and process that information correctly. Data types matter because using the right one makes programs work efficiently and helps prevent errors when the computer performs calculations or manipulates information.
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The standard type hierarchy of Python 3
In computer science and computer programming, a data type (or simply type) is a collection or grouping of data values, usually specified by a set of possible values, a set of allowed operations on these values, and/or a representation of these values as machine types. A data type specification in a program constrains the possible values that an expression, such as a variable or a function call, might take. On literal data, it tells the compiler or interpreter how the programmer intends to use the data. Most programming languages support basic data types of integer numbers (of varying sizes), floating-point numbers (which approximate real numbers), characters and Booleans.