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Also known as DEM

Demonstratives (abbreviated '''') are words, such as this and that'', used to indicate which entities are being referred to and to distinguish these entities from others. They are typically deictic, their meaning depending on a particular frame of reference, and cannot be understood without context. Demonstratives are often used in spatial deixis (where the speaker or sometimes the listener is to provide context), but also in intra-discourse reference (including abstract concepts) or anaphora, where the meaning is dependent on something other than the relative physical location of the speaker.