E-Science, also known as eScience, is the practice of conducting computationally intensive scientific research in highly distributed network environments. This form of science involves the use of substantial data sets that necessitate grid computing, a method of leveraging multiple computers to process large data sets efficiently. In some cases, the term encompasses technologies that facilitate distributed collaboration, such as the access grid. The term was coined by John Taylor, the Director General of the United Kingdom's Office of Science and Technology, in 1999 and was used to describe a
E-Science, also known as eScience, is the practice of conducting computationally intensive scientific research in highly distributed network environments. This form of science involves the use of substantial data sets that necessitate grid computing, a method of leveraging multiple computers to process large data sets efficiently. In some cases, the term encompasses technologies that facilitate distributed collaboration, such as the access grid. The term was coined by John Taylor, the Director General of the United Kingdom's Office of Science and Technology, in 1999 and was used to describe a large funding initiative starting in November 2000. Since then, the term "e-science" has been more broadly interpreted since then as "the application of computer technology to the undertaking of modern scientific investigation", including the preparation, experimentation, data collection, results dissemination, and long-term storage and accessibility of all materials generated through the scientific process. These may include data modeling and analysis, electronic/digitized laboratory notebooks, raw and fitted data sets, manuscript production and draft versions, pre-prints, and print and/or electronic publications." In 2014, IEEE eScience Conference Series condensed the definition to "eScience promotes innovation in collaborative, computationally- or data-intensive research across all disciplines, throughout the research lifecycle" in one of the working definitions used by the organizers. E-science encompasses "what is often referred to as big data [which] has revolutionized science... [such as] the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN... [that] generates around 780 terabytes per year... highly data intensive modern fields of science...that generate large amounts of E-science data include: computational biology, bioinformatics, genomics" and the human digital footprint for the social sciences.
Turing Award winner Jim Gray imagined "data-intensive science" or "e-science" as a "fourth paradigm" of science (empirical, theoretical, computational and now data-driven) and asserted that "everything about science is changing because of the impact of information technology" and the data deluge.
Discovered by embedding cosine similarity (sentence-transformers MiniLM, 384-dim).