Haarlem

Also known as Haarlem, North Holland, Haerlem

capital da Holanda do Norte, Países Baixos

AI overview

Haarlem is a city in the Netherlands that serves as the capital of North Holland province and is located on the northern edge of the Randstad, one of Europe's most densely populated regions. As part of the Amsterdam metropolitan area, Haarlem is an important urban center in one of the continent's major population zones.

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Place details

Locality: Haarlem
Region: Noord-Holland
Country: Nederland
Population: 162,543

Travel guide

Understand

Haarlem is the centre of a flower-growing district and a major export point for flower bulbs. However, with some 750,000 people visiting the city each year, tourism makes up an increasingly important part of the town's economy. With about 161,000 inhabitants (2019), Haarlem is the 13th largest city in the Netherlands but when it comes to tourism, it's the 4th most visited city. As for most popular places, this may mean the incidental line and some crowds around main attractions in high season. However, the town is fairly quiet in off season and its growing popularity does come with ample opportunities to eat and sleep.

Get around

Haarlem is best seen on foot: it's a 10- to 15-minute walk from the train station to the city centre. If you don't want to walk, bus lines 2, 73 and 300 will take you from the central train and bus station to busstop "Centrum/Verwulft" in about 5 minutes. Buses here are mostly operated by Connexxion. Arriva operates a local bus route to Leiden as well.

Although Haarlem's waterways aren't quite as numerous as those of Amsterdam, there are enough of them to make a tour of the city by boat a nice experience. Boats are operated by Post Verkade cruises (€9.50, Dutch only) and Haarlem Canal Cruises (smaller groups, open boat, €12.50) and leave from opposite Teylers Museum. It's best to call ahead.

See

thumb|250px|After burning down in 1932, windmill the Adriaan was rebuilt only in 2002 to reclaim its prominent place among Haarlem's attractions. Haarlem's main sights are its lovely historic centre and its fine art museums. You'll get a good idea of what the city has to offer by just wandering the streets in the centre for a while, as many monumental buildings and the most prominent museums are all there. The tourist information office can provide maps and walking routes as well as guides, if you don't want to miss anything.

Do

thumb|Route sign of cycle route around Haarlem, the Netherlands. On summer days, hang out in the sun on Haarlem's Grote Markt (near the Grote Kerk) after a long day of shopping or go sightseeing in Haarlem's ancient city centre. Cycling: Explore the Haarlem area by bike: Haarlem Dunes Cycle Route Coast, polders and nature reserves. Distance: 40 or 29 km. Keukenhof Cycle Route Tulip fields in springtime. Distance: 38 or 31 km. Rondje Haarlem is a cycling route along the beautiful place around Haarlem. The route is almost 50 km long and very worthwhile. Of course it's also possible to do parts of it.

Article · Português

Haarlem ou, nas suas forma portuguesas, Harlém ou Harlemo (raramente usada) é uma cidade neerlandesa, capital da província da Holanda do Norte, a qual foi em tempos uma das mais poderosas províncias da República Unida dos Países Baixos. A cidade é localizada nas margens do rio , a cerca de 20 km oeste de Amesterdão e próximo das dunas costeiras. Durante séculos, tem sido o centro histórico da produção de bolbos de tulipas e, pela mesma razão, mantém o nome de ‘Bloemenstad’ (cidade das flores). Desde aproximadamente 1630, Haarlem é o maior centro de comércio de tulipas, e foi o epicentro durante a época denominada por “mania das tulipas”, quando o preço pago pelos bolbos destas flores atingiu valores exorbitantes. Quando o canal Leiden-Haarlem abriu em 1656, tornou-se popular viajar entre Roterdão e Amesterdão através de barcos de passageiros em vez dos tradicionais coches. Haarlem era uma importante paragem para os passageiros entre a segunda metade do século XVII e em todo o século XVIII, até à construção da primeira linha de comboio, paralela às rotas dos canais. Tal como Haarlem se expandiu, também os seus largos campos de bolbos de tulipas e, ainda hoje, é possível admirá-los na extensão férrea que liga Leiden a Haarlem durante a primavera. O lema de Haarlem é em latim Vicit vim virtus, que significa “A virtude conquista a força”. A mais antiga menção de Haarlem remonta ao século X. O nome da cidade advém de "Haarlo-heim" ou "Harulahem", que significa ‘local, de areia coberto por árvores, mais elevado do que os outros’. A cidade é famosa pelos seus muitos . Estas construções, geralmente rodeadas por largos jardins, consistiam na sua maioria em casa privadas fundadas para receber mulheres idosas e sozinhas. Actualmente ainda existem dezenove hofjes em Haarlem; muitos deles encontram-se abertos ao público aos fins-de-semana. A maioria dos hofjes permanece propriedade das fundações originais e mantém o mesmo princípio para o qual foram construídos: receber mulheres idosas.

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