A fan-cooled heat sink on the processor of a personal computer. To the right is a smaller heat sink cooling another integrated circuit of the motherboard. Typical heatsink-fan combination found on a consumer laptop. The heatpipes which contain a working fluid make direct contact with the CPU and GPU, conducting heat away from the component and transferring it to the fin-stack mounted on the exhaust port of the cooling fan. The fin-stack acts as a fluid-to-fluid heat exchanger transferring thermal energy from the working fluid within the heatpipe(s) to ambient air at dead-state condition. A heat sink (aluminum) with its heat pipes (copper) and fan (black)
A heat sink (also commonly spelled heatsink) is a passive heat exchanger that transfers the heat generated by an electronic or a mechanical device to a fluid medium, often air or a liquid coolant, where it is dissipated away from the device, thereby allowing regulation of the device's temperature. In computers, heat sinks are used to cool CPUs, GPUs, and some chipsets and RAM modules. Heat sinks are used with other high-power semiconductor devices such as power transistors and optoelectronics such as lasers and light-emitting diodes (LEDs), where the heat dissipation ability of the component itself is insufficient to moderate its temperature.
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