Hemicyoninae

Hemicyoninae is an extinct subfamily of Ursidae, often called dog bears (literally "half dog" (Greek: )). They were bear-like carnivorans living in Europe, North America, Africa and Asia during the Oligocene through Miocene epochs 33.9–5.3 Ma, existing for approximately . They are sometimes classified as a separate family.

==Systematics== The hemicyonines consists of three tribes: the Cephalogalini, Phoberocyonini, and Hemicyonini. In the past the hemicyonines were evaluated into family level (Hemicyonidae). However the vast majority of papers and researchers that cover the evolution of bears often classified them as an extinct subfamily of ursids or stem-bears. The genus Agriotherium was once classified as a hemicyonine but recent work has shown the genus is a crown-ursid. Subfamily †Hemicyoninae Frick, 1926 Tribe †Cephalogalini de Bonis, 2013 †Adelpharctos de Bonis, 1971 †Adelpharctos ginsburgi de Bonis, 2011 †Adelpharctos mirus de Bonis, 1971 †Cyonarctos de Bonis, 2013 †Cyonarctos dessei de Bonis, 2013 †Phoberogale Ginsburg & Morales, 1995 †Phoberogale minor (Filhol, 1877) †Phoberogale bonali (Helbing, 1928) †Phoberogale depereti (Viret, 1929) †Phoberogale gracile (Pomel, 1847) †Filholictis de Bonis, 2013 †Filholictis filholi (Munier-Chalmas, 1877) †Cephalogale Jourdan, 1862 †Cephalogale shareri Wang, et al., 2009 †Cephalogale gergoviensis Viret, 1929 †Cephalogale ginesticus Kuss, 1962 †Cephalogale geoffroyi Jourdan, 1862 Tribe †Phoberocyonini Ginsburg & Morales, 1995 †Plithocyon Ginsburg, 1955 †Plithocyon armagnacensis Ginsburg, 1955 †Plithocyon statzlingii (Frick, 1926) †Plithocyon bruneti Ginsburg, 1980 †Plithocyon barstowensis (Frick, 1926) †Plithocyon ursinus (Cope, 1875) †Phoberocyon Ginsburg, 1955 †Phoberocyon hispanicus Ginsburg & Morales, 1998 †Phoberocyon dehmi Ginsburg, 1955 †Phoberocyon huerzeleri Ginsburg, 1955 †Phoberocyon aurelianensis (Mayet, 1908) †Phoberocyon youngi Xiang et al., 1986 †Phoberocyon johnhenryi (White, 1947) Tribe †Hemicyonini Frick, 1926 †Zaragocyon Ginsburg & Morales, 1995 †Zaragocyon daamsi Ginsburg & Morales, 1995 †Dinocyon Jourdan, 1861 †Dinocyon aurelianensis Frick, 1926 †Dinocyon sansaniensis Frick, 1926 †Dinocyon thenardi Jourdan, 1861 †Hemicyon Lartet, 1851 †Hemicyon barbouri Colbert, 1941 †Hemicyon teilhardi Colbert, 1939 †Hemicyon grivensis Frick, 1926 †Hemicyon minor Dépéret, 1887 †Hemicyon sansaniensis Lartet, 1851