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thumb|A hyperparasitoid wasp (Pteromalidae) on the cocoons of its host, a [[braconid wasp (subfamily Microgastrinae), itself a koinobiont parasitoid of Lepidoptera]] thumb|A hyperparasitic microsporidian, [[Nosema podocotyloidis, a parasite of a digenean, Podocotyloides magnatestis, itself a parasite of the fish Parapristipoma octolineatum]]A hyperparasite, also known as a metaparasite, is a parasite whose host is itself a parasite, often specifically a parasitoid. Hyperparasites are found mainly among the wasp-waisted Apocrita within the Hymenoptera, and in two other insect orders, the Dipter