industrial design

Olivetti Divisumma 24 calculator designed by Marcello Nizzoli (1956) Braun SK 4 "Snow White's coffin" radiogram designed by Dieter Rams, Herbert Lindinger, and Hans Gugelot (1956)

Industrial design is a process of design applied to physical products that are to be manufactured by mass production. It is the creative act of determining and defining a product's form and features, which takes place in advance of the manufacture or production of the product. Industrial manufacture consists of predetermined, standardized and repeated, often automated, acts of replication, while craft-based design is a process or approach in which the form of the product is determined personally by the product's creator largely concurrent with the act of its production.