Intentionality is the mental ability to refer to or represent something. Sometimes regarded as the mark of the mental, it is found in mental states like perceptions, beliefs or desires. For example, the perception of a tree has intentionality because it represents a tree to the perceiver. A central issue for theories of intentionality has been the problem of intentional inexistence: to determine the ontological status of the entities which are the objects of intentional states.
Article · 中文
意向性（英語：Intentionality）是心灵代表或呈现事物、属性或状态的能力。简单的说，很多心理活动是关于外部世界的，意向性就是这里的“关于”。最初，“意向性”一词来自经院哲学。十九世纪哲学家、心理学家弗朗茲·布倫塔諾在他的《经验主义视角下的心理学》（德语：Psychologie vom Empirischen Standpunkte，英语：Psychology From an Empirical Standpoint）一书中将其引入了当代哲学。布伦塔诺将其定义为“”（psychical phenomena）的特征之一，由此和“”区分开。他使用了诸如“同内容的联系性”，“对物体的指向”或“内在的客观性”等表达方式。
Abstract from DBpedia / Wikipedia · CC BY-SA