Joseph Joffre
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Joseph Joffre was a French military leader who served as the country's top general during World War I, most notably commanding French forces during the crucial early battles of the war. He is remembered as an important figure in French military history for his role in halting the German advance and helping shape the Western Front strategy during the first global conflict.
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Joseph Jacques Césaire Joffre ( French: [ʒozɛf ʒɔfʁ]; 12 January 1852 – 3 January 1931) was a French general who served as Commander-in-Chief of French forces on the Western Front from the start of World War I until the end of 1916. He is best known for regrouping the retreating allied armies to defeat the Germans at the strategically decisive First Battle of the Marne in September 1914.
His political position waned after unsuccessful offensives in 1915, the German attack on Verdun in 1916, and the disappointing results of the Anglo-French offensive on the Somme in 1916. At the end of 1916 he was promoted to Marshal of France, the first such elevation under the Third Republic, and moved to an advisory role, from which he quickly resigned. Later in the war he led an important mission to the United States.
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1852 births1931 deathsChiefs of the Staff of the French ArmyÉcole polytechnique alumniForeign recipients of the Distinguished Service Medal (United States)French Army generals of World War IFrench FreemasonsFrench military personnel of the Franco-Prussian WarFrench military personnel of the Sino-French WarFrench recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1914–1918 (France)French recipients of the Croix de Guerre (France)