Jupiter

Also known as ♃, Planet Jupiter, Sol V, Sol 5

Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun, and the largest in the Solar System. It is a gas giant with a mass nearly 2.5 times that of all the other planets in the Solar System combined and slightly less than one-thousandth the mass of the Sun. Its diameter is 11 times that of Earth and a tenth that of the Sun. Jupiter orbits the Sun at a distance of , with an orbital period of . It is the third-brightest natural object in the Earth's night sky, after the Moon and Venus, and has been observed since prehistoric times. Its name derives from that of Jupiter, the chief deity of ancient Roman religi

AI overview

Jupiter is the largest planet in our Solar System, a massive gas giant so big that its diameter is 11 times wider than Earth and it contains nearly 2.5 times the mass of all other planets combined. It has been visible in Earth's night sky since ancient times and is the third-brightest object we can see at night, after the Moon and Venus, making it an important landmark in human observation of the cosmos.

AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.

Key facts

Planet.name: Jupiter
Planet.symbol: 24px|class=skin-invert|♃
Planet.image: Jupiter_OPAL_2024.png
Planet.image_alt: A full disk image of Jupiter taken by NASA's Hubble Space Telescope
Planet.caption: Jupiter in true colour, taken by the Hubble Space Telescope in January 2024
Planet.background: Wheat
Planet.named_after: Jupiter
Planet.epoch: J2000
Planet.time_periastron: January 21, 2023
Planet.asc_node: 100.464°
Planet.arg_peri: 273.867°
Planet.mean_anomaly: 20.020°
Planet.satellites: 101 ()
Planet.rotation: (9 h 55 m 33 s)
Planet.sidereal_day: 9.9250 hours (9 h 55 m 30 s)
Planet.axial_tilt: 3.13° (to orbit)
Planet.right_asc_north_pole: 268.057°;
Planet.declination: 64.495°

via Wikipedia infobox

Research

7,533 papers

Jupiter's ocean moons targeted by spacecraft.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2023Voosen PDOI: 10.1126/science.adi1223
Quenching of zonal winds in Jupiter's interior.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Christensen UR, Wulff PNDOI: 10.1073/pnas.2402859121
War in Europa.Journal of ISAKOS : joint disorders & orthopaedic sports medicine · 2022van Dijk NDOI: 10.1016/j.jisako.2022.03.005
How Jupiter's unusual magnetospheric topology structures its aurora.Science advances · 2021Zhang B, Delamere PA, Yao Z et al.DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd1204
Lucy and Jupiter - understanding the planetary origins.Nature communications · 2021DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27495-y
COMPLICATIONS AFTER SURGICAL TREATMENT OF JUPITER'S MONTEGGIA TYPE II FRACTURES.Acta ortopedica brasileira · 2023Guerra ER, Araújo Filho LRS, Kikuta FK et al.DOI: 10.1590/1413-785220233103e267308
Jupiter's atmospheric jet streams extend thousands of kilometres deep.Nature · 2018Kaspi Y, Galanti E, Hubbard WB et al.DOI: 10.1038/nature25793
Jupiter's fleas.Quarterly bulletin. Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Medical School · 1951MASON ML

via PubMed

Wikidata facts

Demonym: joviana
Area: 62179600000
Distance from Earth: 967000000
Diameter: 142984
Radius: 66854
Mass: 1
Orbital period: 4332.589
Image: Jupiter OPAL 2024.png
Speed: 13.07

Show 24 more facts

Commons category: Jupiter (planet)
orbital eccentricity: 0.04839266
Commons gallery: Jupiter
orbital inclination: 1.304
periapsis: 740679835
apoapsis: 816001807
volume as quantity: 1431280000000000
flattening: 0.06487
density: 1326
argument of periapsis: 273.867
longitude of ascending node: 100.47390909
synodic period: 398.88
mean anomaly: 20.020
apparent magnitude: -1.6
albedo: 0.538
magnetic moment: 283000000000000000000
semi-major axis of an orbit: 778112020
surface gravity: 23.1
right ascension: 268.057
declination: 64.496
absolute magnitude: -9.4
Unicode character: ♃
Stack Exchange tag: space.stackexchange.com/tags/jupiter
rotation period: 9.9

Sources (13)

via Wikidata · CC0

~51 min read

Article

34 sections

Contents

Name and symbol
Formation and migration
Physical characteristics
Composition
Size and mass
Rotation
Internal structure
Atmosphere
Cloud layers
Great Red Spot and other vortices
Magnetosphere
Orbital motion and observation
Gravitational domain and influence
Planetary rings
Moons
Galilean moons
Classification
Interaction with the Solar System
Impacts
Observation and exploration history
Pre-telescopic research
Ground-based telescope research
Radiotelescope research
Exploration
Flyby missions
''Galileo'' mission
''Juno'' mission
Cancelled missions and future plans
In culture
See also
Notes
References
Further reading
External links

Jupiter was the first of the Sun's planets to form, and its inward migration during the primordial phase of the Solar System affected much of the formation history of the other planets. Jupiter's atmosphere consists of 76% hydrogen and 24% helium by mass, with a denser interior. It contains traces of the elements carbon, oxygen, sulfur, neon, and compounds such as ammonia, water vapour, phosphine, hydrogen sulfide, and hydrocarbons. Jupiter's helium abundance is 80% of the Sun's, similar to Saturn's composition.