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leptospirosis

File:Leptospirosis_darkfield.jpg · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons

EntityQ155098· pop 72· linked from 755 articles

leptospirosis

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Also known as Weil's disease

AI overview

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AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.

Key facts

Medical condition.name
Leptospirosis
Medical condition.synonyms
Rat fever, field fever, rat catcher's yellows, pretibial fever
Medical condition.image
Leptospirosis darkfield.jpg
Medical condition.caption
Leptospira magnified 200-fold with a dark-field microscope
Medical condition.<! altcaption
A magnified image of Leptospira -->
Medical condition.field
Infectious disease
Medical condition.symptoms
None, headaches, muscle pains, fevers
Medical condition.complications
Bleeding from the lungs, meningitis, kidney failure
Medical condition.onset
One to two weeks
Medical condition.causes
Leptospira typically spread by rodents
Medical condition.risks
Exposure to infected animals, especially their urine, or fresh water or damp soil contaminated with infectious urine
Medical condition.diagnosis
Testing blood for antibodies against the bacterium or its DNA
Medical condition.differential
Malaria, enteric fever, rickettsiosis, dengue
Medical condition.prevention
Personal protective equipment, hygiene measures, doxycycline
Medical condition.treatment
Doxycycline, penicillin, ceftriaxone
Medical condition.prognosis
Risk of death ~7.5%
Medical condition.frequency
One million people per year
Medical condition.deaths
58,900 per year

via Wikipedia infobox

Research

12,339 papers

via PubMed

~48 min read

Encyclopedic overview

24 sections
Contents
  • Environmental and One Health considerations
  • Public health interventions and One Health implementation
  • Signs and symptoms
  • Cause
  • Bacteria
  • Transmission
  • Pathogenesis
  • Diagnosis
  • Laboratory tests
  • Serological tests
  • Molecular tests
  • Imaging
  • Diagnostic criteria
  • Prevention
  • Treatment
  • Prognosis
  • Eye complications
  • Epidemiology
  • One Health perspective
  • Public health interventions
  • History
  • Other animals
  • References
  • External links

Leptospirosis is a blood infection caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira that can infect humans, dogs, rodents, and many other wild and domesticated animals. Signs and symptoms can range from none to mild (headaches, muscle pains, and fevers) to severe (bleeding in the lungs or meningitis). '''Weil's disease ( ), the acute, severe form of leptospirosis, causes the infected individual to become jaundiced (skin and eyes become yellow), develop kidney failure, and bleed. Bleeding from the lungs associated with leptospirosis is known as severe pulmonary haemorrhage syndrome'.

More than 10 genetic types of Leptospira cause disease in humans. Both wild and domestic animals can spread the disease, most commonly rodents. The bacteria are spread to humans through animal urine or feces, or water or soil contaminated with animal urine and feces, coming into contact with the eyes, mouth, or nose, or breaks in the skin. In developing countries, the disease occurs most commonly in pest control, farmers, and low-income people who live in areas with poor sanitation. In developed countries, it occurs during heavy downpours and is a risk to pest controllers, sewage workers, and those involved in outdoor activities in warm and wet areas. Diagnosis is typically by testing for antibodies against the bacteria or finding bacterial DNA in the blood.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “leptospirosis” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.

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