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A measuring instrument is a device used to determine the size, amount, or other physical properties of something. These tools matter because they allow us to quantify the world around us in a precise and consistent way, which is essential for everything from cooking and construction to medicine and scientific research.
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Instrumentation is a collective term for measuring instruments, used for indicating, measuring, and recording physical quantities. It is also a field of study about the art and science about making measurement instruments, involving the related areas of metrology, automation, and control theory. The term has its origins in the art and science of scientific instrument-making.
Instrumentation can refer to devices as simple as direct-reading thermometers, or as complex as multi-sensor components of industrial control systems. Instruments can be found in laboratories, refineries, factories and vehicles, as well as in everyday household use (e.g., smoke detectors and thermostats).