nanoparticle
Sign in to savethumb|400px|Transmission electron microscopy|TEM (a, b, and c) images of prepared mesoporous silica nanoparticles with mean outer diameter: (a) 20nm, (b) 45nm, and (c) 80nm. SEM (d) image corresponding to (b). The insets are a high magnification of mesoporous silica particle. A nanoparticle or ultrafine particle is a particle of matter 1 to 100 nanometres (nm) in diameter. The term is sometimes used for larger particles, up to 500 nm, or fibers and tubes that are less than 100 nm in only two directions. At the lowest range, metal particles smaller than 1 nm are usually called at
Article
56 sectionsContents
- Definitions
- International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC)
- International Standards Organization (ISO)
- Common usage
- Related concepts
- History
- Natural occurrence
- Pre-industrial technology
- 19th century
- 20th century
- Morphology and structure
- Variations
- Nucleation and growth
- Impact of nucleation
- Nucleation
- Ostwald ripening
- Two-step mechanism – autocatalysis model
- Measuring the rate of nucleation
- Properties
- Controlling properties
- Large surface-area-to-volume ratio
- Interfacial layer
- Solvent affinity
- Coatings
- Diffusion across the surface
- Ferromagnetic and ferroelectric effects
- Mechanical properties
- Melting point depression
- Quantum mechanics effects
- Regular packing
- Production
- Mechanical
- Breakdown of biopolymers
- Pyrolysis
- Condensation from plasma
- Inert gas condensation
- Radiolysis method
- Wet chemistry
- Ion implantation
- Functionalization
- Uniformity requirements
- Characterization
- Health and safety
- Regulation
- Applications
- Polymer reinforcement
- Liquid properties tuner
- Photocatalysis
- Road paving
- Biomedical
- Sunscreens
- Compounds by industrial area
- See also
- References
- Further reading
- External links
thumb|400px|Transmission electron microscopy|TEM (a, b, and c) images of prepared mesoporous silica nanoparticles with mean outer diameter: (a) 20nm, (b) 45nm, and (c) 80nm. SEM (d) image corresponding to (b). The insets are a high magnification of mesoporous silica particle. A nanoparticle or ultrafine particle is a particle of matter 1 to 100 nanometres (nm) in diameter. The term is sometimes used for larger particles, up to 500 nm, or fibers and tubes that are less than 100 nm in only two directions. At the lowest range, metal particles smaller than 1 nm are usually called atom clusters instead.
Nanoparticles are distinguished from microparticles (1–1000 μm), "fine particles" (sized between 100 and 2500 nm), and "coarse particles" (ranging from 2500 to 10,000 nm), because their smaller size drives very different physical or chemical properties, like colloidal properties and ultrafast optical effects or electric properties.