Nguyen dynasty

Also known as Nguyễn Dynasty, Empire of Annam

imperial Vietnamese dynasty, 1802-1945

Key facts

1830: 557,000 km (215,000 sq mi)
1858: 12,031,000
1890: 14,752,000
1942: 25,552,000
1945: Trần Trọng Kim
Status: Internal imperial system within Chinese tributary (1802–1883) , French protectorate (1883–1945) , Puppet state of the Empire of Japan (1945)
Capital: Phú Xuân (now part of Huế ), 16°28′N 107°36′E / 16.467°N 107.600°E / 16.467; 107.600
Official languages: Literary Chinese (written, 1802–1884) , French (from 1884)
Common languages: Vietnamese
Religion: State ideology : , Ruism , Minority: , Mahayana Buddhism , Caodaism , Christianity , Folk religion , Hòa Hảo , Hinduism , Islam , and Taoism
Demonym: Vietnamese

Article

Today part ofVietnam China Laos Cambodia

The Nguyễn dynasty (Vietnamese: Nhà Nguyễn, chữ Nôm: 茹阮) was the last Vietnamese dynasty, preceded by the Nguyễn lords and ruling unified Vietnam independently from 1802 until the start of the French protectorate in 1883. Its emperors were members of the House of Nguyễn Phúc. During its existence, the Nguyễn empire expanded into modern-day Southern Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos through a continuation of the centuries-long Nam tiến and Siamese–Vietnamese wars. With the French conquest of Vietnam, the Nguyễn dynasty was forced to give up sovereignty over parts of Southern Vietnam (Cochinchina) to France in 1862 and 1874, and after 1883 the Nguyễn dynasty only nominally ruled the French protectorates of Annam (Central Vietnam) as well as Tonkin (Northern Vietnam). Backed by Imperial Japan, in 1945 the last Nguyễn emperor Bảo Đại abolished the protectorate treaty with France and proclaimed the Empire of Vietnam for a short time until 25 August 1945.