North Kalimantan

North Kalimantan (Indonesian: Kalimantan Utara) is a province of Indonesia. It is located on the northernmost of Kalimantan, the Indonesian part of the island of Borneo. North Kalimantan borders the Malaysian states of Sabah to the north and Sarawak to the west, and by the Indonesian province of East Kalimantan to the south. Tanjung Selor serves as the capital of the province, while Tarakan is the largest city and the financial centre.

Formed on 25 October 2012, North Kalimantan was separated from the province of East Kalimantan to reduce development disparity and Malaysia's influence over the territory. North Kalimantan covers 69,901 square kilometres and consists of four regencies and one city. It had a population of 524,656 at the 2010 Census and 701,784 at the 2020 Census, making it at that time the least populous province in Indonesia, until the subsequent creation in 2022 of the new provinces of South Papua (which became the new least populous province), West Papua and Southwest Papua. The official estimate as at mid 2025 was 749,370 people (comprising 393,130 males and 356,240 females). Most of the province is sparsely populated.