Oruro

{{Infobox settlement | settlement_type = City | official_name = Oruro | other_name = | native_name = Uru Uru | nickname = La capital minera de Bolivia (The mining capital of Bolivia) La capital folclore boliviano (The folklore capital of Bolivia) | motto = | image_skyline = | image_caption = | image_flag = Flag of Oruro.svg | flag_size = 100px | image_seal = | seal_size = | image_shield = Escudo Oruro.jpg | shield_size = 70px | image_map = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = Bolivia#South America | pushpin_label_position = bottom | pushpin_relief = 1 | pushpin_map_caption = Location within Bolivia | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = Bolivia | subdivision_type1 = Department | subdivision_name1 = Oruro Department | subdivision_type2 = Province | subdivision_name2 = Cercado Province | government_footnotes = | government_type = | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Adhemar Wilkarani | leader_title1 = | leader_name1 = | established_title = Founded | established_date = November 1, 1606 | established_title2 = | established_date2 = | established_title3 = | established_date3 = | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 1633 | area_land_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | area_total_sq_mi = | area_land_sq_mi = | area_water_sq_mi = | area_water_percent = | area_urban_sq_mi = | area_metro_sq_mi = | area_blank1_sq_mi = | population_as_of = 2024 Census | population_footnotes = | population_demonym = orureño -a (Spanish) | population_note = | population_density_km2 = auto | population_density_sq_mi = | population_density_metro_km2 = | population_density_metro_sq_mi = | population_total = 297497 | population_urban = 351,802 | population_metro = 390,000 | population_density_urban_km2 = | population_density_urban_sq_mi = | population_blank1_title = Ethnicities | population_blank1 = | timezone = BOT | utc_offset = -4 | timezone_DST = | utc_offset_DST = | coordinates = | elevation_footnotes = "Amigos paisanos y compañeros: en ninguna ocasión podemos dar mejores pruebas de nuestro amor a la patria, sino en ésta, no estimemos en nada nuestras vidas, sacrifiquémosla gustosos en defensa de la libertad". “Friends, compatriots, and companions: on no occasion can we give better proof of our love for the homeland than on this one; let us value our lives as nothing, and gladly sacrifice them in defense of liberty.”The libertarian rebellion was led by Jacinto Rodríguez de Herrera. Sebastián Pagador played a prominent role until he lost his life during an Indigenous uprising. The rebellion was suppressed by the Spanish Crown in 1783, after Viceroy Juan José de Vértiz y Salcedo ordered a secret summary investigation, sending the main rebels to Buenos Aires, then the capital of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata.

In 1789, the image of the Virgin of Candelaria (Virgin of the Socavón) officially appeared in a cavity of the Pie de Gallo hill.