EntityQ5054271· pop 5· linked from 11 articlesPenn effectSign in to saveeconomic effect that real income ratios between high and low income countries are systematically exaggerated by GDP conversion at market exchange ratesConnectionsyenEntitypurchasing power parityEntityexchange rateEntityconsumer price indexEntityIndiaCountryNorwayCountryEgyptCountryNew York CityCityTokyoCityWorld War IIConceptgoldEntityCairoCityOsloEntityUnited States dollarEntitygross domestic productEntityeconomyEntitycentral bankEntityPaul SamuelsonEntityUniversity of PennsylvaniaEntityincomeEntityCategoriesEconomics effectsEponyms in economics