File:Pikrinsäure.svg · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons
picric acid
Sign in to saveAlso known as phenol trinitrate, 2,4,6-trinitrophenol, 2-hydroxy-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene, CI 10305, C.I. 10305, Trinitrophenol, Picricum acidum
chemical compound
OverviewAI-generated
Picric acid, also known as 2,4,6-trinitrophenol, is a chemical compound with the formula C₆H₃N₃O₇. It has a molecular mass of 228.997 and a density of 1.76. The substance exhibits a melting point of 252 and a decomposition point of 300. Its physical properties include a vapor pressure of 1, a flash point of 302, and a refractive index of 1.76. The compound has a pKa of 0.38 and an explosive velocity of 7350.
Safety data indicates that picric acid has an immediately dangerous to life or health level of 75. Exposure limits are set at a time-weighted average of 0.1 and a short-term limit of 0.3. The compound has a solubility value of 1. In terms of molecular structure, it features one hydrogen bond donor and seven hydrogen bond acceptors, with a calculated logP of 0.9 and a topological polar surface area of 158.
Synthesized by Vinony from 31 facts across 4 sources: Wikidata, PubChem, PubMed, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.
Chemical data
- Formula
- C6H3N3O7
- Molecular weight
- 229.1 g/mol
- IUPAC name
- 2,4,6-trinitrophenol
- SMILES
- C1=C(C=C(C(=C1[N+](=O)[O-])O)[N+](=O)[O-])[N+](=O)[O-]
- InChIKey
- OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- XLogP
- 0.9
- Polar surface area
- 158 Ų
- H-bond donors
- 1
- H-bond acceptors
- 7
- Formal charge
- 0
via PubChem
Research
1,470 papers- Picric acid.Contact dermatitis · 1994Hausen BMDOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.1994.tb00744.x
- Picric acid poisoning.Nursing times · 1981Boolaky M
- Picric Acid Incorporated Fluorescent Nitrogen Doped Carbon Dot for "Turn-On" Detection of Glutathione.Journal of fluorescence · 2025O AA, George SDOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03541-4
- An Ultrasensitive Picric Acid Sensor Based on a Robust 3D Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Framework.Biosensors · 2022Jiang W, Xia L, Li D et al.DOI: 10.3390/bios12090682
- Mineralization of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (picric acid): characterization and phylogenetic identification of microbial strains.Journal of industrial microbiology · 1996Rajan J, Valli K, Perkins RE et al.DOI: 10.1007/BF01570041
- Pyrene-Based Chemosensor for Picric Acid-Fundamentals to Smartphone Device Design.Analytical chemistry · 2019Kathiravan A, Gowri A, Khamrang T et al.DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03695
- Triphenylbenzene Sensor for Selective Detection of Picric Acid.Journal of fluorescence · 2017Nagendran S, Vishnoi P, Murugavel RDOI: 10.1007/s10895-017-2063-9
- Aggregation-directed High Fidelity Sensing of Picric Acid by a Perylenediimide-based Luminogen.Chemistry, an Asian journal · 2020Pramanik B, Das S, Das DDOI: 10.1002/asia.202001184
via PubMed
~11 min read
Encyclopedic overview
Picric acid is an organic compound with the formula (O2N)3C6H2OH. Its IUPAC name is 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (TNP). The name "picric" comes from Greek: πικρός (pikros), meaning "bitter", due to its bitter taste. It is one of the most acidic phenols. Like other strongly nitrated organic compounds, picric acid is an explosive, which is its primary use. It has also been used as medicine (antiseptic, burn treatments) and as a dye.
History
Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “picric acid” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.