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File:Pleuronectes_platessa.carrelet02.jpg · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons

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Plattfiskar

Also known as the flatfish order, flatfish, Category:Flatfish

Flatfish are a group of ray-finned fish belonging to the suborder Pleuronectoidei and historically the order Pleuronectiformes (though this is now disputed). Their collective common name is due to their habit of lying on one side of their laterally-compressed body (flattened side-to-side) upon the seafloor; in this position, both eyes lie on the side of the head facing upwards, while the other side of the head and body (the "blind side") lies on the substrate. This loss of symmetry, a unique adaptation in vertebrates, stems from one eye "migrating" towards the other during the juvenile's metam

AI overview

Pleuronectiformes is a group of ray-finned fish commonly known as flatfish, characterized by their flattened bodies and both eyes positioned on the same side of their head as they rest on the seafloor. This unusual adaptation, where one eye migrates during development, represents a unique loss of body symmetry found nowhere else in vertebrates and allows these fish to blend in with their surroundings while hunting prey on the ocean bottom.

AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.

Species

Plattfische

Pleuronectiformes

ORDER

KingdomAnimalia
PhylumChordata
ClassTeleostei
OrderPleuronectiformes

Habitatmarine, brackish, freshwater

Observations recorded3,699,468

蒸鰨沙比目魚或扁魚，是鰈形目魚類的統稱，又名魼（qu1），是一類卵圓形扁平深海魚類；熱帶或寒帶大陸棚中等深度的海水水域均有蹤跡，少部分生活於淡水中，現已成為人類的食品之一。比目魚的特徵是兩眼均位於身體的一側，比目魚也是因此得名，有眼的一側有體色，另側為白色。鲽形目，约600种卵圆形扁平鱼类的统称。见于热带到寒带水域，多为海产，生活在大陸棚中等深度的海水中，但有些则进入或永久生活于淡水。肉食性，底棲，静止时一侧伏卧，部分身体经常埋在泥沙中。有些能随环境的颜色而改变体色。比目鱼最显著的特征之一是，两眼完全在头的一侧；另一特征为体色，有眼的一侧有颜色，但下面无眼的一侧为白色。其他特征为沿背腹缘分别具长形的背，臀鳍。歐洲鰈魚(歐洲主要商業比目魚) 美洲的淡水和海水同時存在的比目魚加拿大和美國的水域最大的比目魚大型左眼睛比目魚(歐洲各地的沙灘淺海水域發現) 比目魚（左眼鰈）比目魚（魚眼同在左側）大菱鮃

via GBIF

Museum specimens

Specimen records: 578
With media: 1
Collections: SDNHM
Recorded in: United States

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Research

5,222 papers

A Review of Flatfish (Order: Pleuronectiformes) Diversity in Indian Waters: A Literature Overview.ReviewZootaxa · 2024Pillai HU, Dutta SDOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5523.3.2
Asymmetric pigmentation and pigment disorders in pleuronectiformes (flounders).ReviewPigment cell research · 1992Matsumoto J, Seikai TDOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0749.1990.tb00385.x
Metamorphosis and early larval development of the flatfishes (Pleuronectiformes): an osmoregulatory perspective.ReviewComparative biochemistry and physiology. Part B, Biochemistry & molecular biology · 2001Schreiber AMDOI: 10.1016/s1096-4959(01)00346-3
Geometric morphometric analysis of Pleuronectiformes vertebrae: A new tool to identify archaeological fish remains?Journal of anatomy · 2023Dierickx K, Oueslati T, Profico ADOI: 10.1111/joa.13934
The brain-pituitary-gonad axis in male teleosts, with special emphasis on flatfish (Pleuronectiformes).ReviewComparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology · 2004Weltzien FA, Andersson E, Andersen Ø et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2003.11.007
Evolution of rhodopsin in flatfishes (Pleuronectiformes) is associated with depth and migratory behavior.Journal of fish biology · 2024Macpherson ESB, Hauser FE, Van Nynatten A et al.DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15828
Analysis of the morphogenesis and cell proliferation in the retina of a pleuronectiform fish, the turbot Psetta maxima (Pleuronectiformes: Teleostei).ReviewMicroscopy research and technique · 2013Cid P, Doldán MJ, Rodríguez MS et al.DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22203
New record of Engyprosopon macrolepis (Regan, 1908) from Taiwan (Pleuronectiformes: Bothidae).Zootaxa · 2024Su YO, Ho HC, Amaoka KDOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5474.1.4

via PubMed

Article · Svenska

Plattfiskar eller flatfiskar (Pleuronectiformes), även "flundra" i folkmun, är en ordning i djurklassen benfiskar med över 500 arter. Som namnet antyder har de en platt kropp. Ögonen befinner sig på övre sidan och med nedre sidan ligger de på havsbotten. Övre kroppsidans färg är starkt anpassad till havsbottens utseende. Plattfiskar finns i alla hav runt jorden och några arter lever också i sötvatten. Plattfiskarnas föda består av små djur som lever vid havsbotten som fiskar, blötdjur och maskar. Dessa fiskars naturliga läge är horisontellt. Bukfenor liksom bröstfenor kan stundom saknas. Rygg- och analfenan är långa och vanligen skilda från stjärtfenan. Simblåsa saknas hos det könsmogna djuret. Munnen är framskjutbar och ögonen är rörliga. Hithörande fiskar skiljer sig från alla andra genom sin osymmetriska kroppsbyggnad, vilken är mest utpräglad på huvudet.

Abstract from DBpedia / Wikipedia · CC BY-SA