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Poaceae

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EntityQ43238· pop 118· linked from 4,735 articles

Also known as Gramineae, grass, true grass, grasses, grass family

Poaceae ( ), also called Gramineae ( ), is a large and nearly ubiquitous family of monocotyledonous flowering plants commonly known as true grasses. It includes the cereal grasses, bamboos, the grasses of natural grassland and species cultivated in lawns and pasture. Poaceae is the most well-known family within the informal group known as grass.

OverviewAI-generated

Poaceae is a family of herbaceous plants within the order Poales. It is also known by the common names Grassenfamilie, วงศ์หญ้า, 禾本科, Süßgräser, and gräs. The taxon is partially coincident with grass and is the source of hay, grain, and cereal. Its taxonomic type is Poa, and it produces caryopsis fruit.

The family has been recorded in marine, brackish, and freshwater habitats. Records exist from Mexico, with institutions including INECOL, IEA-UAT, CICY, and UACH. There are 52,449,371 occurrence records and 24,458 iDigBio records. The group is referenced by 4,735 other encyclopedia articles.

Synthesized by Vinony from 45 facts across 8 sources: Wikidata, GBIF, PubMed, Gbif Occ, Plants of the World, WoRMS, iDigBio, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Species

gräs

Poaceae

FAMILY

  1. KingdomPlantae
  2. PhylumTracheophyta
  3. ClassLiliopsida
  4. OrderPoales
  5. FamilyPoaceae
Habitatmarine, brackish, freshwater
Observations recorded52,449,371

禾本科(学名:Poaceae),禾本科主要包括稻亚科、竹亚科、早熟禾亚科等12个亚科和少数不确定类群。最近研究有668属,10000多种。中国有190余属约1200多种。除了荞麦以外,几乎所有的人類主食都是禾本科植物。大自然中的野草不只是动物的食物,还能制造大量氧气,防止水土流失。 地球陆地大约有20%覆盖着草。多种俗称作“某某草”的植物是该科物种,但是必须指出,不是所有的“草”都是禾本科植物。同样,并不是所有禾本科植物都是低矮的“草”,就如竹子,也可以高达十数米,连片成林。 目录 1 形态 2 分类 2.1 内部分类 3 用途 3.1 粮食 3.2 其他食物 4 参见 5 参考文献 6 外部連結 形态 多数为草本,少数为木质植物(如竹类)。 茎(特称为秆)有明显的节,节间常中空,少数为实心。 叶子互生,两列,由叶片和叶鞘组成,叶片狭长,叶脉平行,叶鞘抱茎,一边常开裂,叶鞘同叶片连接处通常有一叶舌。 花很小不明显,两性有时单性,由雄蕊和雌蕊及2-3枚内质的浆片(亦称鳞被)组成,生于2苞片(外面的苞片称外稃,里面的名内稃)内,这些部分合称一小花,一至多朵,两列于一纤细的短轴上,基部通常有2枚无花的苞片,名为颖片,诸小花与颖合成一小穗,小穗无柄或具柄,排成顶生或侧生的圆锥、总状或穗状花序。 果实通常为一颖果,含有大量淀粉质胚乳,稀有浆果、囊果或坚果。 分类 本科与禾本目各科的亲疏关系如下(节点有“†”标志的分支表示其自助法支持率介于60-80%之间,无标志者为80%以上)[2]: 禾本目 Poales 二柱草科 Ecdeiocoleaceae 拟苇科 Joinvilleaceae 禾本科 Poaceae 须叶藤科 Flagellariaceae 帚灯草科 Restionaceae 刺鳞草科 Centrolepidaceae 苞穗草科 Anarthriaceae † † 莎草科 Cyperaceae 灯心草科 Juncaceae 梭子草科 Thurniaceae 苔草科 Mayacaceae 黄眼草科 Xyridaceae 谷精草科 Eriocaulaceae 偏穗草科 Rapateaceae 香蒲科 Typhaceae 香蒲属 Typha 黑三棱属 Sparganium 凤梨科 Bromeliaceae 内部分类 本科可分成12个亚科,包含两大演化支——BOP类群与PACMAD类群,关系如下[3][4][5]: 禾本科 Poaceae PACMAD类群 虎尾草亚科 Chloridoideae 扁芒草亚科 Danthonioideae 百生草亚科 Micrairoideae 芦竹亚科 Arundinoideae 黍亚科 Panicoideae 三芒草亚科 Aristidoideae BOP类群 早熟禾亚科 Pooideae 竹亚科 Bambusoideae 稻亚科

via GBIF · Kew POWO

Museum specimens

Specimen records
24,458
With media
8,331
Family
Poaceae
Collections
INECOL, IEA-UAT, CICY, UACH
Recorded in
Mexico

Research

182,052 papers

via PubMed

~24 min read

Encyclopedic overview

23 sections
Contents
  • Description
  • Growth and development
  • Taxonomy
  • Evolutionary history
  • Subdivisions
  • Distribution
  • Ecology
  • Sexual reproduction and meiosis
  • Uses
  • Food production
  • Industry
  • Palaeoecological reconstructions
  • Lawn and ornamental use
  • Sports turf
  • Cricket
  • Golf
  • Tennis
  • Economically important grasses
  • Role in society
  • Image gallery
  • See also
  • References
  • External links

Poaceae ( ), also called Gramineae ( ), is a large and nearly ubiquitous family of monocotyledonous flowering plants commonly known as true grasses. It includes the cereal grasses, bamboos, the grasses of natural grassland and species cultivated in lawns and pasture. Poaceae is the most well-known family within the informal group known as grass.

With around 780 genera and around 12,000 species, the Poaceae is the fifth-largest plant family, following the Asteraceae, Orchidaceae, Fabaceae and Rubiaceae.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Poaceae” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.

Gallery (46)