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Also known as Pyeongyang, Capital of Revolution, Ryugyong, P’yŏng-yang
capitale de la Corée du Nord
Pyongyang is the capital and largest city of North Korea, with a population of over 3.2 million people according to 2008 census data. Located on the Taedong River near the Yellow Sea, it holds a special administrative status equivalent to that of a province within North Korea's government structure.
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Pyongyang is the capital city of North Korea, and also a "showcase city" where people have a markedly higher standard of living than elsewhere in the country. Many of the nation's tourist attractions can be found here and will likely form part of most travel itineraries to North Korea.
Largely destroyed during the Korean War in 1952, it was rebuilt to be a model city to boost morale in North Korea. The Russian-style architecture features wide boulevards and lots of green space and decoration. The streets are laid out in an orderly grid, and the city is divided into self-sufficient urban neighborhoods all with similar amenities nearby. As movement is restricted in the city, it stands out among large Asian cities for being spacious, uncrowded, and quiet.
see also North Korea entry requirements and formalities
Nearly all visitors arrive either by plane or train from Beijing. You will need a visa before you travel and the authorities will need a minimum of 2 weeks to process it.
thumbnail|One of the typical Tatra trams in Pyongyang, North Korea Tourists to North Korea will need to be accompanied by an accredited guide or guides, who will arrange where you can visit and how you will get there. However, personal visitors of foreign residents in Pyongyang are free to go around by themselves, unless explicitly told not to by the government.
thumbnail|Pyongyang Film Studios thumbnail|Grand People's Study House
Normally, tourists in Pyongyang are restricted to guided tours. Personal visitors to foreign residents are usually free to wander around, though they may also be placed under the care of a guide.
Shopping options are limited. A few department stores exist but have very few things of interest to a visitor. Locals only shop from speciality stores selling groceries and other basic items. Arts and crafts and souvenirs can be purchased in places such as tourist sites and hotels. Some extremely sought-after North Korean souvenirs are metal lapel badges depicting the faces of one or more of the three Kims. They can be difficult for foreigners to acquire; it is often easier to buy them at home on eBay or similar auction sites. There have been reported cases of these badges being seized by customs at departure.
Pyongyang (en coréen : 평양, selon la romanisation nord-coréenne officielle : Phyŏngyang, prononcé : /pʰjʌŋ.jaŋ/ , litt. : « la localité calme ») est la plus grande ville et la capitale de la Corée du Nord. La population officielle du centre-ville est estimée à 2,5 millions d'habitants en 2013, tandis que l'agglomération en rassemble environ 3,3 millions. Sa superficie est de 3 194 km2, soit près de trois fois celle de Los Angeles. Elle constitue le cœur politique, économique et culturel du pays. Pyongyang a été fondée dès le Néolithique et porta longtemps le nom de Ryugyŏng (류경). Devenue capitale de la dynastie Koguryo au Ve siècle, puis de la dynastie Goryeo au Xe siècle, la ville est l'une des plus importantes de la péninsule coréenne durant le Moyen Âge, avec Séoul et Kaesŏng. Pyongyang fut marquée par des affrontements répétés avec le Japon, en 1592 et 1593 lors de la guerre Imjin puis lors du conflit sino-japonais de 1894-1895, à l'issue duquel la ville est conquise et occupée jusqu'à la fin de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Bombardée et quasiment rasée durant la guerre de Corée, Pyongyang est rapidement reconstruite avec l'aide de l'Union soviétique et devient la capitale de la Corée du Nord. Son urbanisme et son architecture sont profondément marqués par l'idéologie de la dynastie au pouvoir depuis l'indépendance du pays : le style est inspiré de l'architecture stalinienne, avec de grandes avenues, de vastes places telles que la place Kim Il-sung, ainsi que des équipements publics de dimension gigantesque, comme le Grand Théâtre de l'Est de Pyongyang, l'hôtel Ryugyong — un gratte-ciel pyramidal de plus de 300 mètres de haut — ou le stade du Premier-Mai, plus grand stade au monde. La ville compte également un réseau de métro aux stations richement décorées et un monument dédié à l'idéologie communiste nord-coréenne, la Tour du Juche. Cœur économique de la Corée du Nord, Pyongyang accueille enfin plusieurs sites industriels et universitaires, dont l'Usine de cosmétiques nationale, l'Institut de recherche architecturale Paektusan et le Centre de recherche informatique de Corée. Pyongyang est traversée par le fleuve Taedong, l'un des principaux cours d'eau du pays. La ville a été séparée de la province du Pyongan du Sud en 1946. Son climat est de type continental humide. Elle a le statut de ville d'administration directe (Chikhalsi, 직할시), au même titre que les neuf gouvernements provinciaux de la RPDC stricto sensu. Réputée extrêmement fermée et difficile d'accès pour les visiteurs étrangers, à l'image du pays, elle organise toutefois quelques manifestations culturelles internationales, telles que le festival international du film de Pyongyang.
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There are several competing prepaid cards available around town, which reduce the hassle of carrying money and change. The ubiquitous and oldest is from the Trade Bank (무역은행), and is available at the Pyongyang Shop in the Embassy district. Its balance is recorded at the hard-currency exchange rate. Guangbok and some stores dealing in local currency offer a card from the Central Bank (중앙은행) with a balance of local won. The Ryugyong commercial bank also offers a card accepted by the Ryugyong shop.
There are several government-run markets, selling a wide range of foods, as well as consumer goods such as shoes and DIY materials. The majority of these products are imported, but some local goods can be found as well. The prices for local products are extremely low by western standards, and the sellers are generally honest although prices are negotiable. These markets are id…
Local residents generally eat at home, and as such the Pyongyang restaurant scene is lacking. You will normally eat dinner at your hotel. There are a number of small diners in the city, but they are mostly aimed at local workers and have rather spartan fare—boiled corn, kimchi, some fish or squid, white rice. The legal situation surrounding these semi-private establishments is complicated, and foreigners are not advised to eat at them. A famous local specialty of Pyongyang is cold noodles (랭면 raengmyŏn); ask your guide if (s)he can give you some opportunities to try it.
There are, however, several restaurants well-suited for tourists.
thumbnail|Banquet rooms at Haedanghwa Health Complex
There are few bars and clubs to which foreigners are allowed, although North Korean beer is available at hotels. Some may also offer Chinese and other foreign beers, such as Heineken. The local draught beer is excellent, and costs from €0.50 to €1.40.
There are three main places, apart from restaurants and hotels, where foreign residents go to socialise; the old Diplomatic club, near the Juche tower by the river, the Friendship, inside the Munsu dong foreigners' compound, and the Random Access Club (RAC), run by the UN, also inside the foreigners' compound.
Provided that transport (difficult) and permission (less difficult) is obtainable, all of these can be visited. The RAC Friday nights are legendary (not in an "Ibiza" way, though), although what passed for nightlife has dwindled as foreign aid organisations have left the country during 2009.
thumb|Lobby of the Koryo Hotel This will be arranged by your tour company.
Pyongyang is a very safe city for foreigners who follow the rules. See the main article for safety information about North Korea.
In addition to the standard emergency numbers (119 from fixed-line phones, 112 from mobile phones), for medical emergencies in Pyongyang, you can also dial .
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