Pythagoras
Sign in to savePythagoras of Samos (; BC) was an ancient Ionian Greek philosopher, polymath, and the eponymous founder of Pythagoreanism. His political and religious teachings were well known in Magna Graecia and influenced the philosophies of Plato, Aristotle, and, through them, Western philosophy. Modern scholars disagree regarding Pythagoras's education and influences, but most agree that he travelled to Croton in southern Italy around 530 BC, where he founded a school in which initiates were allegedly sworn to secrecy and lived a communal, ascetic lifestyle.
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Pythagoras was an ancient Greek philosopher and founder of Pythagoreanism whose political and religious teachings influenced major Western philosophers like Plato and Aristotle. Around 530 BC, he established a secretive school in southern Italy where followers lived communally and followed an ascetic lifestyle, making him a significant figure in the development of Western philosophical thought.
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Person · Open Library
- Born
- 0570-00-00
- Died
- 0490-00-00
- Works
- 49
Top works
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Works in European collections
36 objects attributed to Pythagoras, held across European museums, libraries & archives · via Europeana
Article
36 sectionsContents
- Life
- Early life
- Reputed travels
- Alleged Greek teachers
- In Croton
- Family and friends
- Death
- Teachings
- Metempsychosis
- Numerology
- Pythagoreanism
- Communal lifestyle
- Prohibitions and regulations
- Legends
- Attributed discoveries
- In mathematics
- In music
- In astronomy
- Later influence in antiquity
- On Greek philosophy
- On art and architecture
- In early Christianity
- Influence after antiquity
- In the Middle Ages
- On modern science
- On vegetarianism
- On Western esotericism
- On literature
- See also
- Notes
- Citations
- Bibliography
- Classical sources
- Modern secondary sources
- Further reading
- External links
Pythagoras of Samos (; BC) was an ancient Ionian Greek philosopher, polymath, and the eponymous founder of Pythagoreanism. His political and religious teachings were well known in Magna Graecia and influenced the philosophies of Plato, Aristotle, and, through them, Western philosophy. Modern scholars disagree regarding Pythagoras's education and influences, but most agree that he travelled to Croton in southern Italy around 530 BC, where he founded a school in which initiates were allegedly sworn to secrecy and lived a communal, ascetic lifestyle.
In antiquity, Pythagoras was credited with mathematical and scientific discoveries, such as the Pythagorean theorem, Pythagorean tuning, the five regular solids, the theory of proportions, the sphericity of the Earth, the identity of the morning and evening stars as the planet Venus, and the division of the globe into five climatic zones. He was reputedly the first man to call himself a philosopher ("lover of wisdom"). Historians debate whether Pythagoras made these discoveries and pronouncements, as some of the accomplishments credited to him likely originated earlier or were made by his colleagues or successors, such as Hippasus and Philolaus.
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490s BC deaths570s BC births5th-century BC Greek mathematicians5th-century BC Greek philosophers5th-century BC religious leaders6th-century BC Greek philosophers6th-century BC mathematicians6th-century BC religious leadersAncient Greek geometersAncient Greek metaphysiciansAncient Greek music theoristsAncient Greek philosophers of mind
