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The Qajar dynasty was an Iranian royal family that ruled Persia from 1796 to 1925, a period of significant political change and modernization efforts in the region. This era matters historically because it saw Iran navigating pressures from European powers, attempting internal reforms, and ultimately laying the groundwork for the political transformation that would follow in the 20th century.
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The Qajar dynasty (Persian: دودمان قاجار, romanized: Dudemân-e Ǧâjâr) is a formerly aristocratic Iranian dynasty that gained prominence with the rise of Shahverdi Sultan in the early 16th century as heads of the Turkoman Qajar tribe of the Qizilbash confederacy. The dynasty ruled Iran from 1789 until 1925, beginning with the Unification of Iran (1779–1796) by Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar (r. 1789–1797).
The Russian branch of the Qajar dynasty belonged to the Russian Nobility and were given the titles Prince Persidskii and Princess Persidskaya by the Tsar in the 19th century, of which many members had held high functions in the Imperial Russian Army, such as Alexander Petrovich Reza Qoli Mirza Qajar.