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Red Cloud
Sign in to saveAlso known as Maḣpíya Lùta, Makhpiya-luta, Mahpiya Luta, Chief Red Cloud
chief of Oglala Lakota
Key facts
- Born
- c. 1822 , near modern-day North Platte, Nebraska
- Died
- December 10, 1909 (1909-12-10) (aged 86–87), Pine Ridge, South Dakota , U.S.
- Burial place
- Red Cloud Cemetery, Pine Ridge, 43°4′38″N 102°35′1″W / 43.07722°N 102.58361°W / 43.07722; -102.58361 ( Grave of Red Cloud (Maȟpíya Lúta) )
- Known for
- Red Cloud's War , Most photographed American Indian of the nineteenth century
- Title
- Tribal chief
- Successor
- Jack Red Cloud
- Spouse
- Pretty Owl (Mary Good Road)
via Wikipedia infobox
Wikidata facts
- Instance of
- human
- Gender
- male
- Citizenship
- United States
- Place of death
- Pine Ridge Indian Reservation
- Occupation
- politician
- Position held
- traditional leader or chief
- Languages spoken
- Sioux
- Native language
- Sioux
- Religion
- Catholicism
- Award
- postage stamp
- Family
- Oglala Lakota
- Field of work
- Sioux
- Conflict
- Red Cloud's War
- Image
- Red Cloud by John K Hillers circa 1880.jpg
- Residence
- Pine Ridge
Show 9 more facts
- Commons category
- Red Cloud
- date of birth
- 1822-01-01
- date of death
- 1910-12-10
- name in native language
- Maȟpíya Lúta
- birth name
- Maḣpíya Lùta
- place of burial
- Pine Ridge Indian Reservation
- partner in business or sport
- Spotted Tail
- place of detention
- Black Hills
- start of work period
- 1866-00-00
via Wikidata · CC0
~17 min read
Encyclopedic overview
Red Cloud (Lakota: Maȟpíya Lúta; c. 1822 – December 10, 1909) was a leader of the Oglala Lakota from 1865 to 1909. He was one of the most capable Native American opponents whom the United States Army faced in the western territories. He led the Lakota to victory over the United States during Red Cloud's War, establishing the Lakota as the only nation to defeat the United States on American soil. The largest action of the war was the 1866 Fetterman Fight, with 81 US soldiers killed; it was the worst military defeat suffered by the US Army on the Great Plains until the Battle of the Little Bighorn 10 years later.
After signing the Treaty of Fort Laramie (1868), Red Cloud led his people in the transition to reservation life. Some of his opponents mistakenly thought of him as the overall leader of the Sioux groups (Dakota, Lakota, and Nakota), but the large tribe had several major divisions and was highly decentralized. Bands among the Oglala and other divisions operated independently, though some individual leaders were renowned as warriors and highly respected as leaders, such as Red Cloud.
Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Red Cloud” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.