right|thumb|Tadeusz Kotarbiński considered reism as a project rather than a theory. Reism, reificationism, concretism or concretionism is a view that only concrete material things exist. It is a philosophical theory associated with Tadeusz Kotarbiński who proposed that it involves both the proper view about the kinds of objects that exist and the literal way of speaking about things. It is based on the ontology of Stanisław Leśniewski, specifically, his "calculus of names". This theory, which is also referred to as somatism and pansomatism, has been interpreted as an analogue of defended clas
right|thumb|Tadeusz Kotarbiński considered reism as a project rather than a theory. Reism, reificationism, concretism or concretionism is a view that only concrete material things exist. It is a philosophical theory associated with Tadeusz Kotarbiński who proposed that it involves both the proper view about the kinds of objects that exist and the literal way of speaking about things. It is based on the ontology of Stanisław Leśniewski, specifically, his "calculus of names". This theory, which is also referred to as somatism and pansomatism, has been interpreted as an analogue of defended classic physicalism.
== Background == Kotarbiński first introduced reism in his work called Elements of the Theory of Knowledge, Formal Logic and Methodology of the Sciences and the emergent theory was developed independent of the ideas previously put forward by the German philosopher Franz Brentano. The latter's account of reism is considered a metaphysical view of the mind. However, Kotarbiński's reism – as proposed – was not a ready theory of the world but a program with the aim of eliminating apparent terms (onomatoids) and partial successes.
Discovered by embedding cosine similarity (sentence-transformers MiniLM, 384-dim).