Republic of China
Also known as Republic of China 1912–1949, Republic of China before 1949, ROC 1912–1949, China 1912–1949, ROC, Republic of China (1912–1949), China (1912–1949)
1912–1949 country in Asia
AI overview
The Republic of China was a country in Asia that existed from 1912 to 1949, established after the fall of China's imperial dynasty. It matters historically because it represented an early attempt at creating a modern democratic nation in East Asia during a period of significant political transformation.
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Wikidata facts
- Demonym
- çinli
Show 6 more facts
- dissolved, abolished or demolished date
- 1971-00-00
- inception
- 1912-01-01
- Commons category
- Republic of China (1912–1949)
- Commons gallery
- 中華民國 (1912–1949)
- native label
- Chûng-fà Mìn-koet
- P12749
- 342 Endymion
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Today part ofChina, Mongolia, Russia, Taiwan
The Republic of China (simplified Chinese: 中华民国; traditional Chinese: 中華民國; pinyin: Zhōnghuá Mínguó) established its rule over Mainland China on 1 January 1912 following the Xinhai Revolution, which overthrew the Manchu-led Qing dynasty and ended China's imperial history. The Beiyang government in Beijing was the internationally recognized government of the ROC from 1912 to 1928, with regional warlords occupying parts of the country after the death of Beiyang leader Yuan Shikai in 1916. In 1926, the Kuomintang (KMT) launched the Northern Expedition, which eventually reunified the country in 1928. It led the Nationalist government and ruled the ROC as a one-party state with Nanjing as the capital. In 1949, the KMT was defeated in the Chinese Civil War by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the ROC government retreated to Taiwan, where it remains to this date. The ROC is recorded as a founding member of both the League of Nations and the United Nations. It claimed 11.4 million km (4.4 million sq mi) of territory, and its population of 541 million in 1949 made it the most populous country in the world.