galaxy with a circle-like appearance
Hoag's Object, a ring galaxy. Another red ring galaxy can be seen behind it.
A ring galaxy is a type of galaxy that includes a large annular structure. The galactic center may be relatively separate from the ring structure, or present a continuous disc shape. Hoag's Object, discovered by Arthur Hoag in 1950, is an example of a ring galaxy. The ring contains many massive, relatively young blue stars, which are extremely bright. The central region contains relatively little luminous matter. Some astronomers believe that ring galaxies are formed when a smaller galaxy passes through the center of a larger galaxy. Because most of a galaxy consists of empty space, this "collision" rarely results in any actual collisions between stars. However, the gravitational disruptions caused by such an event could cause a wave of star formation to move through the larger galaxy. Other astronomers think that rings are formed around some galaxies when external accretion takes place. Star formation would then take place in the accreted material because of the shocks and compressions of the accreted material.
Discovered by embedding cosine similarity (sentence-transformers MiniLM, 384-dim).