Serpulidae
Sign in to saveThe Serpulidae are a family of sessile, tube-building annelid worms in the class Polychaeta. The members of this family differ from other sabellid tube worms in that they have a specialized operculum that blocks the entrance of their tubes when they withdraw into the tubes. In addition, serpulids secrete tubes of calcium carbonate. Serpulids are the most important biomineralizers among annelids. About 300 species in the family Serpulidae are known, all but one of which live in saline waters. The earliest serpulids are known from the Permian (Wordian to late Permian).
Species
calcareous tubeworms
FAMILY
- KingdomAnimalia
- PhylumAnnelida
- ClassPolychaeta
- OrderSabellida
- FamilySerpulidae
Habitatmarine, brackish, freshwater
屬 見內文 龍介蟲科（學名： Serpulidae）是多毛綱下的一科管狀環節動物。它們與纓鰓蟲科不同的是它們擁有像厴的特別輻棘，可以用來保護管口。它們是分泌碳酸鈣的管腔。現時已知約有300個物種，除了一種外，其餘都是生活在海水環境[2]。本科物種最早出現於中三疊世[1]。 龍介類和Sabellid的大多數物種的血液含有一種能與氧氣結合的色素血綠素（chlorocruorin）。這種血綠素負責為身體組織攜帶氧氣。 這種血綠素與一氧化碳結合的親和力，是人血內的血紅素的570倍[3]。 龍介蟲科的管腔很易與蛇螺科或蚯蚓螺科的殼混淆。龍介蟲科的管腔內側沉色及只有兩層，而蛇螺科的殼則內側光澤及有3層。 分類 Pecten sp. with serpulid worm encrusters; Duck Harbor Beach on Cape Cod Bay, Wellfleet, Massachusetts. 龍介蟲科下分3亚科23属98种[4]。根據ITIS在1997年的數據，本科包括下列各屬[5]： 丝管虫亚科 球盖虫属 原管虫属 线管虫属 龙介虫亚科 柄盖虫属 角管虫属 根管虫属 盤管蟲屬（Hydroides Gunnerus, 1768） Amplaria Knight-Jones, 1973 Anomalorbis Vine, 1972 Apomatus Philippi, 1844 Bushiella Knight-Jones, 1973 Capeospira Pillai, 1970 Chitinopoma Levinsen, 1884 Circeis Saint-Joseph, 1894 Crucigera Benedict, 1887 右旋蟲屬（Dexiospira Caullery and Mesnil, 1897） Dextralia Knight-Jones, 1973 Ditrupa Berkeley, 1835 Eulaeospira Pillai, 1970 Ficopomatus Sauthern, 1921 Filograna Berkeley, 1835[6] Filogranella Ben-Eliahu and Dafni, 1979 Filogranula Langerhans, 1884 Galeolaria Lamarck, J.B. de (1818) Hyalopotamus Marenzeller, 1878 Janua Saint-Joseph, 1894 Josephella Caullery and Mesnil, 1896 Leodora Saint-Joseph, 1894 Metavermilia Bush, 1904 Neodexiospira Pillai, 1970 Neovermila Day,
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Article
2 sectionsContents
- Selected genera
- References
The Serpulidae are a family of sessile, tube-building annelid worms in the class Polychaeta. The members of this family differ from other sabellid tube worms in that they have a specialized operculum that blocks the entrance of their tubes when they withdraw into the tubes. In addition, serpulids secrete tubes of calcium carbonate. Serpulids are the most important biomineralizers among annelids. About 300 species in the family Serpulidae are known, all but one of which live in saline waters. The earliest serpulids are known from the Permian (Wordian to late Permian).
The blood of most species of serpulid and sabellid worms contains the oxygen-binding pigment chlorocruorin. This is used to transport oxygen to the tissues. It has an affinity for carbon monoxide which is 570 times as strong as that of the haemoglobin found in human blood.