Sphenophorus

Sphenophorus is a genus of weevils, often known as billbugs, in the family Curculionidae, and tribe Sphenophorini. Eleven species of billbugs infest managed turfgrass in North America. thumb|Sphenophorus cicatristriatus thumb|Sphenophorus cicatristriatus

== Species == These 278 species belong to the genus Sphenophorus. Sphenophorus abbreviatus (J.C. Fabricius, 1787) Sphenophorus adspersus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus aduncus Erichson, 1847 Sphenophorus aequalis Gyllenhal, 1838 (clay-coloured billbug) Sphenophorus albicollis Schoenherr, 1838 Sphenophorus alfurus Heller, 1914 Sphenophorus ambiguus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus anceps Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus angustus Boheman, 1845 Sphenophorus apicalis LeConte, 1878 Sphenophorus ardesius Schoenherr, 1839 Sphenophorus arizonensis Horn, 1873 Sphenophorus asper Vaurie, 1978 Sphenophorus aterrimus Champion, 1910 Sphenophorus atratus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus atrivittata Chittenden, 1924 Sphenophorus aurofasciatus Brême, 1844 Sphenophorus austerus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus australis Chittenden, 1905 Sphenophorus bartramiae Chittenden, 1924 Sphenophorus basilanus Heller, 1922 Sphenophorus bifasciatus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus bisbisignatus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus blanchardi Chittenden, 1905 Sphenophorus blatchleyi Chittenden, 1924 Sphenophorus brasiliensis Hustache, 1936 Sphenophorus bruchi Hustache, 1936 Sphenophorus brunnipennis (E.F. Germar, 1823) Sphenophorus brutus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus callizona L.A.A. Chevrolat, 1882 Sphenophorus callosipennis Chittenden, 1919 Sphenophorus callosus (Olivier, 1807) (southern corn billbug) Sphenophorus canaliculatus Boheman, 1845 Sphenophorus canalipes Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus carbonarius Schoenherr, 1838 Sphenophorus carinicollis Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus cariosus (Olivier, 1807) (nutgrass billbug) Sphenophorus caroli Vaurie, 1967 Sphenophorus castaneipennis Boheman, 1838 Sphenophorus castanipes Boheman, 1845 Sphenophorus cazieri Vaurie, 1951 Sphenophorus chittendeni Blatchley, 1916 Sphenophorus cicatricosus Schoenherr, 1838 Sphenophorus cicatripennis Fåhraeus, 1845 Sphenophorus cicatristriatus Fahraeus, 1838 (Rocky Mountain billbug) Sphenophorus cincticollis Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus cinctus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus cinerascens V. de Motschulsky, 1858 Sphenophorus coesifrons Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus compressirostris (Say, 1824) Sphenophorus confluens J. Prena, 2018 Sphenophorus contractus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus costatus O.C. Waterhouse, 1879 Sphenophorus costicollis Chittenden, 1919 Sphenophorus costifer Chittenden, 1924 Sphenophorus costipennis Horn, 1873 Sphenophorus cribricollis F. Walker, 1859 Sphenophorus cristulatus Hustache, 1936 Sphenophorus cruciata G. Quedenfeldt, 1888 Sphenophorus cruciger V. de Motschulsky, 1858 Sphenophorus crudus Erichson, 1847 Sphenophorus cultellatus Horn, 1873 Sphenophorus cultrirostris Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus decoratus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus deficiens Chittenden, 1920 Sphenophorus defrictus Boheman, 1845 Sphenophorus dehaanii Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus delumbatus Boheman, 1845 Sphenophorus destructor Chittenden, 1905 Sphenophorus dietrichi (Satterthwait, 1933) Sphenophorus dimidiatipennis H. Jekel, 1858 Sphenophorus discolor Mannerheim, 1843 Sphenophorus dispar Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus diversus Chittenden, 1905 Sphenophorus dolosus Vaurie, 1978 Sphenophorus elephantulus Chittenden, 1924 Sphenophorus ensirostris Schoenherr, 1838 Sphenophorus erythrurus L.A.A. Chevrolat, 1880 Sphenophorus exquisita F. Walker, 1859 Sphenophorus fahraei Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus fasciatus Gemminger & Harold, 1871 Sphenophorus ferrugineus Boheman, 1845 Sphenophorus flexuosus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus fossor Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus foveatus Vaurie, 1978 Sphenophorus gagatinus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus geminatus Hustache, 1936 Sphenophorus gentilis LeConte, 1857 Sphenophorus germari Horn, 1873 Sphenophorus glabricollis Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus glabridiscus F. Walker, 1859 Sphenophorus glyceriae J. Prena, 2018 Sphenophorus graminis Chittenden, 1905 Sphenophorus guttatus Fåhraeus, 1845 Sphenophorus haneti G. Quedenfeldt, 1888 Sphenophorus hebetatus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus hemipterus Schoenherr, 1825 Sphenophorus hoegbergii Boheman, 1845 Sphenophorus holosericus Chittenden, 1924 Sphenophorus hypocrita Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus immunis (T. Say, 1832) Sphenophorus implicatus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus imus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus inaequalis (Say, 1831) Sphenophorus incongruus Chittenden, 1905 Sphenophorus incurrens Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus indus (C. Linnaeus, 1758) Sphenophorus infelix Gistel, 1848 Sphenophorus inscripta Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus insculptus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus insularis C.H. Boheman, 1859 Sphenophorus interruptecostata Schaufuss, 1885 Sphenophorus interstitialis (Say, 1831) Sphenophorus intervallatus Chittenden, 1924 Sphenophorus javanensis Günther, 1937 Sphenophorus jugosus Chittenden, 1924 Sphenophorus kuatunensis Voss, 1958 Sphenophorus laetus Erichson, 1847 Sphenophorus larvalis Schoenherr, 1838 Sphenophorus lateritius Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus latinasus Horn, 1873 Sphenophorus latiscapus T. Kirsch, 1869 Sphenophorus lebasii Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus leprosus Fåhraeus, 1845 Sphenophorus letestui Hustache, 1936 Sphenophorus leucographus Fåhraeus, 1845 Sphenophorus levis Vaurie, 1978 Sphenophorus lineatocollis Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus lineatus Champion, 1910 Sphenophorus liratus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus longicollis Schoenherr, 1838 Sphenophorus lutulentus Champion, 1910 Sphenophorus maculata Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus maculifer Fåhraeus, 1845 Sphenophorus maderensis Hoffmann, 1938 Sphenophorus maidis Chittenden, 1905 (maize billbug) Sphenophorus marinus Chittenden, 1905 Sphenophorus maurus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus melancholicus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus melanocardius Schoenherr, 1838 Sphenophorus melanocephalus (Fabricius, 1801) Sphenophorus melanurus T. Kirsch, 1875 Sphenophorus memnonius Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus meridionalis Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus mimelus Vaurie, 1978 Sphenophorus minimus Hart, 1890 (lesser billbug) Sphenophorus missouriensis Chittenden, 1919 Sphenophorus monilis Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus mormon Chittenden, 1904 Sphenophorus multipunctatus Champion, 1910 Sphenophorus mundus Champion, 1910 Sphenophorus musaecola L. Fairmaire, 1898 Sphenophorus mutilatus Schoenherr, 1838 Sphenophorus napoanus Hustache, 1936 Sphenophorus nasutus Chittenden, 1924 Sphenophorus nawradi T. Kirsch, 1869 Sphenophorus nebulosus G.C. Champion, 1910 Sphenophorus necydaloides (Fabricius, 1801) Sphenophorus neomexicanus Chittenden, 1904 Sphenophorus nevadensis Chittenden, 1905 Sphenophorus nigerrimus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus nigroplagiata G. Quedenfeldt, 1888 Sphenophorus nubilus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus nudicollis T. Kirsch, 1877 Sphenophorus obscuripennis Chittenden, 1924 Sphenophorus obsoletus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus octocostatus Champion, 1910 Sphenophorus octomaculatus Heller, 1934 Sphenophorus omissus Blatchley, 1920 Sphenophorus opacus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus orizabensis L.A.A. Chevrolat, 1882 Sphenophorus paganus (J.C. Fabricius, 1775) Sphenophorus panops Walk. in Mshl., 1920 Sphenophorus parumpunctatus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus perforatus Fåhraeus, 1845 Sphenophorus pertinax (Olivier, 1807) Sphenophorus phoeniciensis Chittenden, 1904 (phoenix billbug) Sphenophorus piceus (P.S. Pallas, 1771) Sphenophorus picirostris L. Fairmaire, 1897 Sphenophorus pinguis Chittenden, 1924 Sphenophorus placidus Schoenherr, 1838 Sphenophorus planipennis Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus polygrammus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus pontederiae Chittenden, 1905 Sphenophorus procerus J.L. LeConte, 1858 Sphenophorus promissa F.P. Pascoe, 1885 Sphenophorus pulchellus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus pumilus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus punctatostriatus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus punctatus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus pustulosus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus quadrimaculata Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus quadrisignatus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus quadrivittatus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus quadrivulnerata J. Thomson, 1858 Sphenophorus quinquepunctatus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus rectistriatus Chittenden, 1924 Sphenophorus rectus (Say, 1831) Sphenophorus reticulaticollis J. Prena, 2018 Sphenophorus reticulatus Chittenden, 1924 Sphenophorus retusus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus rimoratus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus robustior Chittenden, 1905 Sphenophorus robustus Horn, 1873 Sphenophorus roelofsi L.A.A. Chevrolat, 1882 Sphenophorus rubellus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus rufofasciatus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus rufus Szalay Marzsó, 1957 Sphenophorus rusticus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus sacchari Schoenherr, 1838 Sphenophorus sanguineus Gyllenhal, 1845 Sphenophorus sanguinolentus L.A.A. Chevrolat, 1882 Sphenophorus sationis Heller, 1925 Sphenophorus saucius Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus sayi Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus schoenherrii Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus schwarzi Chittenden, 1924 Sphenophorus scirpi Chittenden, 1924 Sphenophorus scoparius Horn, 1873 Sphenophorus semicalvus Hustache, 1936 Sphenophorus senegalensis Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus sericans C.H. Boheman, 1845 Sphenophorus sericeus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus seriepunctatus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus serratipes Chittenden, 1924 Sphenophorus sierrakowskyi Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus signaticollis Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus simplex LeConte, 1860 Sphenophorus soltauii Chittenden, 1905 Sphenophorus sordidus Schoenherr, 1838 Sphenophorus spadiceus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus spangleri Anderson, 2014 Sphenophorus spinolae Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus squamosus Boheman, 1845 Sphenophorus sriatoforatus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus stigmaticus Fåhraeus, 1845 Sphenophorus strangulatus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus striatipennis Chittenden, 1905 Sphenophorus striatoforatus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus striatopunctatus (J.A.E. Goeze, 1777) Sphenophorus striatus Fåhraeus, 1845 Sphenophorus strigosus Erichson, 1847 Sphenophorus subcarinatus Mannerheim, 1843 Sphenophorus subcostatus L. Fairmaire, 1903 Sphenophorus sublaevis F.H. Chittenden, 1906 Sphenophorus subulatus Chittenden, 1905 Sphenophorus suturalis Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus taboa Vanin, 1990 Sphenophorus tardus Fall, 1901 Sphenophorus tenuis Vaurie, 1978 Sphenophorus terebrans Schoenherr, 1838 Sphenophorus terricola Champion, 1910 Sphenophorus testardi X. Montrouzier, 1860 Sphenophorus tetricus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus thoracicus Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus tincturata F.P. Pascoe, 1885 Sphenophorus tomentosus Vaurie, 1978 Sphenophorus tornowii Brèthes, 1910 Sphenophorus tredecimpunctatus Schoenherr, 1838 Sphenophorus tremolerasi Hustache, 1937 Sphenophorus truncatus Schoenherr, 1838 Sphenophorus validirostris Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus validus J.L. LeConte, 1858 Sphenophorus variabilis Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus variegatus Schoenherr, 1838 Sphenophorus velutinus LeConte, 1876 Sphenophorus venatus (Say, 1831) (hunting billbug) Sphenophorus vestitus J. Prena, 2018 Sphenophorus vilis Hustache, 1936 Sphenophorus villosiventris Chittenden, 1905 Sphenophorus vittata Chittenden, 1924 Sphenophorus vomerinus LeConte, 1858 Sphenophorus zamiae Gyllenhal, 1838 Sphenophorus zeae Walsh, 1867 (Timothy billbug) † Sphenophorus elegans Theobald, 1935 † Sphenophorus naegelianus O. Heer, 1847 † Sphenophorus proluviosus Heyden & Heyden, 1866 † Sphenophorus regelianus O. Heer, 1847