balbuzie

Key facts

Medical condition.name

Stuttering

Medical condition.synonyms

Stammering, alalia syllabaris, alalia literalis, anarthria literalis, dysphemia

Medical condition.field

Speech–language pathology

Medical condition.symptoms

Involuntary sound repetition and disruption or blocking of speech

Medical condition.onset

Sudden, 2–5 years old

Medical condition.duration

Long term

Medical condition.causes

Neurological and genetics (primarily)

Medical condition.differential

Cluttering

Medical condition.treatment

Speech therapy, community support

Medical condition.prognosis

75–80% developmental resolves by late childhood; 15–20% of cases last into adulthood

Medical condition.frequency

About 1%

via Wikipedia infobox

• Stuttering and the social model.ReviewJournal of communication disorders · 2022Constantino C, Campbell P, Simpson SDOI: 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2022.106200
• Adult stuttering and attentional ability: A meta-analytic review.International journal of speech-language pathology · 2020Doneva SPDOI: 10.1080/17549507.2019.1665710
• Hand Preference in Stuttering: Meta-Analyses.Neuropsychology review · 2024Papadatou-Pastou M, Papadopoulou AK, Samsouris C et al.DOI: 10.1007/s11065-023-09617-z
• [Treatment of stuttering].ReviewDuodecim; laaketieteellinen aikakauskirja · 2009Haapanen ML
• Methods in Stuttering Therapy for Desensitizing Parents of Children Who Stutter.ReviewAmerican journal of speech-language pathology · 2018Berquez A, Kelman EDOI: 10.1044/2018_AJSLP-ODC11-17-0183
• The lived experience of stuttering: a synthesis of qualitative studies with implications for rehabilitation.ReviewDisability and rehabilitation · 2020Connery A, McCurtin A, Robinson KDOI: 10.1080/09638288.2018.1555623
• Stuttering as an act of love.Journal of fluency disorders · 2025Constantino CDDOI: 10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106104
• Stuttering as a trait or state - an ALE meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies.The European journal of neuroscience · 2015Belyk M, Kraft SJ, Brown SDOI: 10.1111/ejn.12765

via PubMed

Wikidata facts

Subclass of

disease

Image

Tartamudez escrita.png

via Wikidata · CC0