Thurgood Marshall

Also known as Thoroughgood Marshall, Thoroughgood "Thurgood" Marshall

Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1967 to 1991 (1908–1993)

OverviewAI-generated

Thurgood Marshall (1908–1993) was an American judge, lawyer, politician, and jurist. Born in Baltimore, he was educated at Lincoln University and Howard University School of Law. A member of the Democratic Party, the NAACP, and Alpha Phi Alpha, he served as the Solicitor General of the United States and later as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. He worked in Washington, D.C.

Marshall received the Spingarn Medal, the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the Philadelphia Liberty Medal, and an honorary doctorate. His recorded works include Supreme Court transcripts such as *Murphy v. U S* and *Murray v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue*. He died of cardioplegia and heart failure in Bethesda and was buried at Arlington National Cemetery.

Synthesized by Vinony from 34 facts across 7 sources: Wikidata, Crossref, Open Library, MusicBrainz, Last.fm, Wikiquote, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Person · Open Library

Works: 25

Top works

Murphy v. U S U.S. Supreme Court Transcript of Record with Supporting Pleadings
Murray v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue U.S. Supreme Court Transcript of Record with Supporting Pleadings
Clarence Brooks, Petitioner, v. United States. U.S. Supreme Court Transcript of Record with Supporting Pleadings
Joseph J. Hurst, Petitioner, v. United States. U.S. Supreme Court Transcript of Record with Supporting Pleadings
James E. Ivey et al., Petitioners, v. United States. U.S. Supreme Court Transcript of Record with Supporting Pleadings

via Open Library + Wikidata

Music · MusicBrainz

Type: Person
Gender: Male
Country: United States
Active from: 1908
Active to: 1993

via MusicBrainz · CC0

Listeners · Last.fm

Listeners: 89
Total plays: 506

Thurgood Marshall (July 2, 1908 – January 24, 1993) was an American jurist and the first African American to serve on the Supreme Court of the United States. Before becoming a judge, he was a lawyer who was best remembered for his high success rate in arguing before the Supreme Court and for the victory in Brown v. Board of Education. Marshall was born in Baltimore, Maryland, on July 2, 1908. His original name was Thoroughgood but he shortened it to Thurgood in second grade. <a href="https://ww

via Last.fm · Thurgood Marshall

Recent publications · Crossref

5 total works indexed

Equation of State Calculations by Fast Computing Machines
· 1953 · cited 29,950x
The Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3)
· 2016 · cited 23,614x
Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease
· 1984 · cited 21,448x
International Physical Activity Questionnaire: 12-Country Reliability and Validity
· 2003 · cited 17,578x
Twelve years of SAMtools and BCFtools
· 2021 · cited 15,653x

via Crossref · CC0

Quotes

“When the prison gates slam behind an inmate, he does not lose his human quality; his mind does not become closed to ideas; his intellect does not cease to feed on a free and open interchange of opinions; his yearning for self-respect does not end; nor is his quest for self-realization concluded. If anything, the needs for identity and self-respect are more compelling in the dehumanizing prison environment.”
“The experience of Negroes in America has been different in kind, not just in degree, from that of other ethnic groups. It is not merely the history of slavery alone, but also that a whole people were marked as inferior by the law. And that mark has endured.”
“There's no difference between a white snake and a black snake. They'll both bite.”
“You do what you think is right and let the law catch up.”
“The effects of the Framers' compromise have remained for generations. They arose from the contradiction between guaranteeing liberty and justice to all, and denying both to Negroes.”

via Wikiquote · CC BY-SA

Key facts

Nominated by: Lyndon B. Johnson
Preceded by: Tom C. Clark
Succeeded by: Clarence Thomas
President: Lyndon B. Johnson
Born: Thoroughgood Marshall , ( 1908-07-02 ) July 2, 1908, Baltimore, Maryland , U.S.
Died: January 24, 1993 (1993-01-24) (aged 84), Bethesda, Maryland , U.S.
Resting place: Arlington National Cemetery
Party: Democratic
Spouses: Vivian Burey ( married"}]]}'>m. September 4, 1929"}]]}'>1929 ; died February 11, 1955"}]]}'>1955 ) Cecilia Suyat ( married"}]]}'>m. December 17, 1955"}]]}'>1955 )
Children: Thurgood Jr. John
Education: Lincoln University, Pennsylvania ( BA ) Howard University ( LLB )
Occupation: Civil rights lawyer jurist
Known for: First African-American Supreme Court justice

via Wikipedia infobox

~40 min read

Encyclopedic overview

Thoroughgood "Thurgood" Marshall (July 2, 1908 – January 24, 1993) was an American civil rights lawyer and jurist who served as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1967 until 1991. He was the Supreme Court's first African-American justice. Before his judicial service, he was an attorney who fought for civil rights, leading the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund. Marshall was a prominent figure in the movement to end racial segregation in American public schools. He won 29 of the 32 civil rights cases he argued before the Supreme Court, culminating in the Court's landmark 1954 decision in Brown v. Board of Education, which rejected the separate but equal doctrine and held segregation in public education to be unconstitutional. President Lyndon B. Johnson appointed Marshall to the Supreme Court in 1967. A staunch liberal, he frequently dissented as the Court became increasingly conservative.

Born in Baltimore, Maryland, Marshall attended Lincoln University and the Howard University School of Law. At Howard, he was mentored by Charles Hamilton Houston, who taught his students to be "social engineers" willing to use the law to fight for civil rights. Marshall opened a law practice in Baltimore but soon joined Houston at the NAACP in New York. They worked together on the segregation case of Missouri ex rel. Gaines v. Canada; after Houston returned to Washington, Marshall took his place as special counsel of the NAACP, and he became director-counsel of the newly formed NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund. He participated in numerous landmark Supreme Court cases involving civil rights, including Smith v. Allwright, Morgan v. Virginia, Shelley v. Kraemer, McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, Sweatt v. Painter, Brown, and Cooper v. Aaron. His approach to desegregation cases emphasized the use of sociological data to show that segregation was inherently unequal.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Thurgood Marshall” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.