tunnel
thumb|right|Tunnel in Col du Galibier, France thumb|right|Tunnel in Fort de Mutzig, France thumb|Decorated portal to a road tunnel in Guanajuato, Mexico thumb|Utility tunnel for heating pipes between [[Rigshospitalet and Amagerværket in Copenhagen, Denmark]] thumb|Tunnel on the Taipei Metro in [[Taiwan]] thumb|Southern portal of the Chirk Tunnel|Chirk canal tunnel, Wales thumb|Victory Tunnel in [[Shimla, India was opened on 08 May 1945 after the Allied victory in World War II]] thumb|Atal Tunnel in [[Himachal Pradesh, India was opened on 4 October 2020 which connects Manali and Keylang, bypass
AI overview
A tunnel is an underground or enclosed passageway excavated through earth, rock, or built structures that allows people, vehicles, or utilities to pass through obstacles like mountains, water bodies, or buildings. Tunnels matter because they enable transportation networks, utility systems, and infrastructure to connect places that would otherwise be difficult or impossible to reach, making them essential for modern roads, railways, metro systems, and essential services.
AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.
Wikidata facts
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- Southern portal of Chirk canal tunnel - geograph.org.uk - 1293092.jpg
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Article
37 sectionsContents
- Etymology
- History
- Antiquity and early middle ages
- Geotechnical investigation and design
- Choice of tunnels versus bridges
- Project planning and cost estimates
- Construction
- Cut-and-cover
- Boring machines
- Shafts
- Sprayed concrete techniques
- Pipe jacking
- Box jacking
- Underwater tunnels
- Temporary way
- Enlargement
- Open building pit
- Other construction methods
- Variant tunnel types
- Double-deck and multipurpose tunnels
- Covered passageways
- Underpass
- Utility Tunnel
- Safety and security
- Examples
- In history
- Longest
- Notable
- Mining
- Military use
- Secret tunnels
- Natural tunnels
- Major accidents
- See also
- References
- Bibliography
- External links
thumb|right|Tunnel in Col du Galibier, France thumb|right|Tunnel in Fort de Mutzig, France thumb|Decorated portal to a road tunnel in Guanajuato, Mexico thumb|Utility tunnel for heating pipes between [[Rigshospitalet and Amagerværket in Copenhagen, Denmark]] thumb|Tunnel on the Taipei Metro in [[Taiwan]] thumb|Southern portal of the Chirk Tunnel|Chirk canal tunnel, Wales thumb|Victory Tunnel in [[Shimla, India was opened on 08 May 1945 after the Allied victory in World War II]] thumb|Atal Tunnel in [[Himachal Pradesh, India was opened on 4 October 2020 which connects Manali and Keylang, bypassing Rohtang Pass in high Himalayan terrain]] A tunnel is an underground or undersea passageway. It is dug through surrounding soil, earth or rock, or laid under water, and is usually completely enclosed except for the two portals common at each end, though there may be access and ventilation openings at various points along the length. A pipeline differs significantly from a tunnel, though some recent tunnels have used immersed tube construction techniques rather than traditional tunnel boring methods.
A tunnel may be for foot or vehicular road traffic, for rail traffic, or for a canal. The central portions of a rapid transit network are usually in the tunnel. Some tunnels are used as sewers or aqueducts to supply water for consumption or for hydroelectric stations. Utility tunnels are used for routing steam, chilled water, electrical power or telecommunication cables, as well as connecting buildings for convenient passage of people and equipment.