Turkmeneli

thumb|upright=0.8|A map of Turkmeneli on a monument in Altun Kupri (). thumb|right|An Iraqi Turkmen youth holding a Turkmeneli scarf. Turkmeneli (), also known as Turkmenland, and historically as Turcomania and East Turkmeneli (), is a geopolitical term used to define the vast swath of territory in which the Iraqi Turkmens historically have had a dominant population. The term incorporates the Iraqi Turkmen homelands running from Iraq's border with Turkey and Syria and diagonally down the country to the border with Iran. It is sometimes referred to as East Turkmeneli to distinguish from the Syrian Turkmen homeland, known as West Turkmeneli. Apart from the designation of the region as Turcomania in a 1785 map by William Guthrie, there's no certain mention of the region in published works until the establishment of the Iraqi Turkmen Front, whose maps of Turkmeneli were often exaggerated.

In particular, the Turkmen/Turkoman consider the capital of Turkmeneli to be the disputed city of Kirkuk and its boundaries also include Tal Afar, Mosul (second largest city in Iraq), Erbil, Mandali, and Tuz Khurmatu. According to Liam Anderson and Gareth Stansfield, the Turkmen/Turkoman note that the term "Turcomania" – an Anglicized version of "Turkmeneli" – appears on a maps of the region published by William Guthrie and Adolf Stieler, however, there is no clear reference to Turkmeneli until the end of the twentieth century.