Vistara

Tata SIA Airlines Limited, doing business as Vistara, was a full-service Indian airline based in Gurgaon, with its hub at Indira Gandhi International Airport. A joint venture between Tata Sons (51 percent) and Singapore Airlines (49 percent), the carrier began operations on 9 January 2015 with its inaugural flight between Delhi and Mumbai. As of September 2024, it held a 10 percent share of the domestic airline market, making it the third largest domestic carrier behind IndiGo and Air India. The airline served 50 destinations using a fleet that included the Airbus A320neo, Airbus A321neo and Boeing 787-9 aircraft. Vistara ceased operations on 12 November 2024 following its merger with the national flag carrier, Air India.

==History== ===Foundation and early years=== The airline was founded in 2013 as a joint venture between India's conglomerate Tata Sons and Singapore's Singapore Airlines (SIA). The two organisations had made a bid in the mid-1990s to launch a full-service carrier in India that eventually prevailed as unsuccessful after being denied regulatory approval by the Indian government. In 2012, with India easing up foreign direct investment regulations for aviation—allowing up to 49% overseas ownership—Tata and SIA yet again embarked on floating a joint venture airline company in India. The joint venture, Tata SIA Airlines Limited (TSAL), was envisaged as a premium full-service carrier to cater to the demands of high-end business travellers in India's civil aviation market dominated by low-cost carriers. India's Foreign Investment Promotion Board approved this venture in October 2013, allowing SIA to take a 49% stake in the airline. The two parent companies initially pledged to invest a combined as start-up capital, with Tata Sons owning 51% and Singapore Airlines owning the remaining 49%. This was part of Tata's second major foray into the aviation sector along with a minority stake in AirAsia India. The company's maiden aviation venture, Tata Airlines, was established in the 1930s and later became the flag carrier Air India after its nationalisation.