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Vitellaria paradoxa

File:Vitellaria_paradoxa_MS_6563.JPG · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons

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Vitellaria paradoxa

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Also known as shi tree, vitellaria, Shea butter tree, shea tree

Vitellaria paradoxa (formerly Butyrospermum parkii), commonly known as shea tree, shi tree (, also ), or vitellaria, is a tree of the family Sapotaceae. It is the only species in the genus Vitellaria, and is indigenous to Africa.

OverviewAI-generated

*Vitellaria paradoxa* is a species of plant within the family Sapotaceae. It belongs to the kingdom Plantae, phylum Tracheophyta, class Magnoliopsida, and order Ericales. The species is a useful plant and serves as the source of shea butter. Common names for this taxon include shea butter, Nkuto, Karitébaum, and shea tree.

The IUCN Red List classifies *Vitellaria paradoxa* as Vulnerable, a status assigned in 1998. Records of the species have been documented in Ivory Coast, Cameroon, Nigeria, Benin, and Guinea-Bissau.

Synthesized by Vinony from 30 facts across 7 sources: Wikidata, GBIF, Gbif Occ, IUCN Red List, Plants of the World, iDigBio, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

In the Vinony graph

Vinony catalogs Vitellaria paradoxa in its Vulnerable Species collection (16,386 entries).

Vinony's link graph records 92 inbound references to Vitellaria paradoxa, and connects out to Africa, French and Nigeria.

Vinony files it under Cosmetics chemicals, Crops originating from Africa and Flora of Ivory Coast.

Vinony links it to 44 Wikipedia language editions.

Species

Vulnerable

SPECIES

  1. KingdomPlantae
  2. PhylumTracheophyta
  3. ClassMagnoliopsida
  4. OrderEricales
  5. FamilySapotaceae
Native toBenin, Burkina, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, DR Congo, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Mali
Observations recorded27,553

维基百科中的醫療相关内容仅供参考,詳見醫學聲明。如需专业意见请咨询专业人士。 二名法 Butyrospermum parkiiKotschy 乳油木分佈圖 乳油木,又名乳木果、雪亞果(Shea nut)或非洲果,是屬於山欖科,乳木果屬的一種樹木。乳油木是非洲特有的植物,原產於馬利、喀麥隆、剛果、象牙海岸、加納、幾內亞、多哥、奈及利亞、塞內加爾、蘇丹、布吉納法索及烏干達等地。乳油木的種子很大,含有豐富的油脂,可以從中提取出乳木果油(shea butter)。 目录 1 形態 2 主要成份 3 用途 4 分佈 5 名稱 6 參考資料 7 外部連結 形態 株高大約可以生長至十五公尺左右,樹幹直徑可以超過一公尺以上,壽命約有200至300年。葉片薄,互生,長橢圓形,葉集中生長在枝條的頂端。花黃色,十二月至隔年的四月開花,五月至九月果實成熟,果實卵形,長五至八公分。果實內有一粒種子,種子長約5公分,寬約3.5公分。 乳油木由種子發芽至第一次開花大約需要十五年的時間。株齡三十年的樹一年可以生產二十公斤的果實,二十公斤的果實可以收穫五公斤左右的乾燥種子,五公斤的種子大約可以生產一公斤左右的雪亞脂。 主要成份 油酸50% ,飽和脂肪酸47% ,脂肪伴隨物6~10% (其中有75%的三萜烯醇,還有維他命A和維他命E的前趨物,尿囊素) 用途 乳油木是一種非洲傳統的食品,這種蔬菜有潛力可以用來改善當地人民的營養,増進糧食安全存量,促進農村的發展和維護土地的永續使用。[1] 在非洲,乳油木廣泛的用於食品和醫藥上,也是當地人民食物脂肪的主要來源之一。在西方,雪亞脂最常用在化妝品上。雪亞脂有很多種用途,使用時會將油脂精煉過或是直接使用不加精製,精煉雪亞脂時可以使用化學藥劑萃取,例如用己烷萃取,或是使用黏土過濾油脂。 由種子搾取油脂的步驟如下,首先要去掉種子外層的果肉。去除果肉後再來就要剝掉種子的外殼,傳統的剝殼方法,是將種子放在臼內用杵搗破,或是用石頭直接敲碎。大量生產時則有剝殼機可以代勞,剝殼機去殼的速度較快,可以省下大量的勞力。剝殼後的種子先用火燒烤後,再用碾碎或壓搾的方式提取出種子內的油脂,這些油脂可以用來製作雪亞脂。搾完油後剩下的渣滓可以作飼料。 分佈 平均地區產量 (kg/英畝) 乳油木原產漠南非洲的稀樹草原,分佈範圍東至埃塞俄比亞高原、西至幾內亞灣,橫跨5,000公里並涵蓋19個非洲國家,分別為貝寧、布基納法索、喀麥隆、中非共和國、乍得、埃塞俄比亞、加納、畿內亞、畿內亞比紹、科特迪瓦、馬里、尼日爾、尼日利亞、塞內加爾、塞拉利昂、蘇丹、多哥、烏干達及剛果民主共和國。 目前中国有部分省份有局部引進乳油木,这种植物可在中国南方地区种植,例如广东省、福建省、云南省等地。 名稱 屬名Butyrospermum是「奶油種子」意思,形容種子富含油脂。種小名parkii是為了紀念探險家Mu

via GBIF · IUCN · Kew POWO

Museum specimens

Specimen records
315
With media
286
Family
Sapotaceae
Recorded in
Ivory Coast, Cameroon, Nigeria, Benin, Guinea-Bissau

Wikidata facts

Instance of
taxon
Subclass of
useful plant
Image
Amande de karité.jpg
Show 9 more facts
Commons gallery
Vitellaria paradoxa
taxon rank
species
IUCN conservation status
Vulnerable
taxon name
Vitellaria paradoxa
Commons category
Vitellaria paradoxa
taxon common name
牛油果
this taxon is source of
shea butter
short name
V. paradoxa
Sources (3)

via Wikidata · CC0

~6 min read

Encyclopedic overview

9 sections
Contents
  • Description
  • Nomenclature and taxonomy
  • Distribution and habitat
  • Uses
  • Composition of shea butter
  • Nutritional value
  • Etymology
  • References
  • External links

Vitellaria paradoxa (formerly Butyrospermum parkii), commonly known as shea tree, shi tree (, also ), or vitellaria, is a tree of the family Sapotaceae. It is the only species in the genus Vitellaria, and is indigenous to Africa.

The shea fruit consists of a thin, tart, nutritious pulp that surrounds a relatively large, oil-rich seed from which shea butter is extracted. It is a deciduous tree usually tall, but has reached and a trunk diameter of .

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Vitellaria paradoxa” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.

Gallery (15)

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