White Rose
Sign in to savenon-violent, intellectual resistance group in Nazi Germany, consisting of students from the University of Munich and their philosophy professor
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The White Rose was a group of University of Munich students and their philosophy professor who organized nonviolent, intellectual resistance against Nazi Germany. They matter because they represented a rare example of Germans actively opposing the Nazi regime from within, using writing and ideas rather than violence to challenge its ideology.
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The White Rose (German: Weiße Rose, pronounced [ˈvaɪsə ˈʁoːzə] ) was a non-violent, intellectual resistance group in Nazi Germany which was led by five students and one LMU Munich professor: Willi Graf, Kurt Huber, Christoph Probst, Alexander Schmorell, and Hans and Sophie Scholl. The group conducted an anonymous leaflet and graffiti campaign that called for active opposition to the Nazi regime, beginning in Munich on 27 June 1942. Their activities ended with the arrest of the core group by the Gestapo on 18 February 1943.
Graf, Huber, Probst, Schmorell, and the Scholl siblings, alongside other members and supporters of the group who carried on distributing the pamphlets, faced show trials by the Nazi People's Court (Volksgerichtshof); many of them were imprisoned and executed. Hans Scholl and Sophie Scholl, as well as Probst, were executed by guillotine four days after their arrest, on 22 February 1943. During the trial, Sophie interrupted the judge multiple times. No defendants were given any opportunity to speak.