Wikipedia:IP block exemption

Normally, long-term blocks of IP addresses or ranges do not affect logged-in editors. However, it is occasionally necessary to block both anonymous and logged-in users, using autoblock and/or hard blocks, to prevent disruption.

Administrators and bots are always exempt from such blocks (except for Tor blocks). Other editors can request for IP address block exemptions on a per-user basis if they can show good cause.