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Article
Yakov Mikhailovich Sverdlov (3 June [O.S. 22 May] 1885 – 16 March 1919) was a Russian revolutionary and Soviet politician. A key Bolshevik organizer of the October Revolution of 1917, Sverdlov served as chairman of the Secretariat of the Russian Communist Party from 1918 until his death in 1919, and as chairman of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee (head of state) from 1917 until his death in 1919.
Born in Nizhny Novgorod to a Jewish family active in revolutionary politics, Sverdlov joined the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party in 1902 and supported Vladimir Lenin's Bolshevik faction from 1903. He was active in the Urals during the failed Revolution of 1905, and over the next decade was subjected to constant imprisonment and exile.
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1885 births1919 deathsAnti-monarchistsBurials at the Kremlin Wall NecropolisDeaths from the Spanish flu pandemicHeads of state of RussiaHeads of the Communist Party of the Soviet UnionInfectious disease deaths in RussiaJewish communistsJewish Russian politiciansJewish Soviet politiciansMembers of the Bureau of the 7th Congress of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks)