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1868 deaths

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James Buchanan
president of the United States from 1857 to 1861
Gioachino Rossini
Italian opera composer (1792–1868)
Léon Foucault
French physicist (1819–1868)
August Ferdinand Möbius
German mathematician and astronomer (1790–1868)
David Brewster
Scottish astronomer and mathematician (1781–1868)
Ludwig I of Bavaria
King of Bavaria (1786-1868)
Mongkut
Mongkut (18 October 18041 October 1868), posthumously honoured as King Mongkut the Great, was the fourth king of Siam from the Chakri dynasty, titled Rama IV. He reigned from 1851 until his death in 1868.
August Schleicher
German philologist (1821–1868)
Adalbert Stifter
Austrian painter, pacifist and writer (1805-1868)
Julius Plücker
German mathematician and physicist (1801-1868)
Dmitry Pisarev
Russian journalist (1840–1868)
William T. G. Morton
United States dental surgeon (1819–1868)
Tewodros II
Emperor of Ethiopia (1818–1868)
Kit Carson
American frontiersman and Union Army general (1809-1868)
Franz Berwald
Swedish composer
Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius
German botanist (1794-1868)
Mihailo Obrenović III
Prince of Serbia (1823-1868)
James Brooke
rajah of Sarawak (1803-1868)
Christian Friedrich Schönbein
German-Swiss chemist, discoverer of guncotton and ozone (1799-1868)
Emanuel Leutze
American artist (1816-1868)
Carlo Matteucci
Italian politician and physicist (1811–1868)
James David Forbes
Scottish physicist and glaciologist (1809–1868)
Thaddeus Stevens
American statesman (1792–1868)
Alexandre Colonna-Walewski
French politician (1810-1868)
François-Édouard Picot
French painter (1786-1868)
Jacques Boucher de Crèvecœur de Perthes
French archaeologist (1788-1868)
Bhanubhakta Acharya
The First-ever poet of Nepali Language
Rasoherina I of Madagascar
Rasoherina (1814 – 1 April 1868) (also Rasoherina-Manjaka) was Queen of Madagascar from 1863 to 1868, succeeding her husband Radama II following his presumed assassination.
Venancio Flores
Uruguayan politician (1808-1868)
Henry Brougham, 1st Baron Brougham and Vaux
English barrister, politician, and Lord Chancellor of Great Britain (1778-1868)
Ramón María Narváez, 1st Duke of Valencia
Spanish diplomat (1800-1868)
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British botanist (1799-1868)
John Crawfurd
British historian
Kondō Isami
Japanese swordsman (1834–1868)
Nakano Takeko
Japanese warrior
William Rutter Dawes
British astronomer (1799–1868)
Joseph, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg
duke of Saxe-Altenburg
Moritz Hauptmann
German music theorist, teacher and composer (1792–1868)
Júlia Szendrey
Hungarian poet, writer, translator (1828-1868)
Eduard Friedrich Poeppig
German naturalist (1798-1868)
Claude Pouillet
French physicist (1791–1868)
Bernardo Berro
President of Uruguay (1803-1868)
Okita Sōji
Japanese swordsman
Constantin Negruzzi
Romanian politician and writer (1808-1868)
Adolphe d'Archiac
academic, member of the Accademia delle Scienze di Torino since 1853 (1802–1868)
Benizelos Rouphos
Prime Minister of Greece (1795–1868)
James Mayer de Rothschild
French banker (1792–1868)
Laura Secord
Canadian heroine of the War of 1812 (1775–1868)
Wilhelm Griesinger
German psychiatrist (1817–1868)
José Tadeo Monagas Burgos
8th President of Venezuela
Halfdan Kjerulf
Norwegian composer (1815–1868)
Giuseppe Abbati
Italian painter (1836-1868)
Howell Cobb
American politician (1815–1868)
Nestor Kukolnik
Russian writer (1809–1868)
Ferenc Gyulay
Hungarian noble (1798–1868)
Joaquín Suárez
president of Uruguay
James Brudenell, 7th Earl of Cardigan
British Crimean War Lieutenant-General (1797–1868)
Ioannis Gennaios Kolokotronis
Greek politician and general (1806-1868)
Mzilikazi
ndebele king
Peter Julian Eymard
Catholic priest - Saint