20th-century essayists

Colombian writer and Nobel laureate (1927–2014)

Czech statesman, playwright, and former dissident, the last president of Czechoslovakia and the first president of the Czech Republic (1936–2011)

Irish writer (1906–1989)

Peruvian, Spanish and Dominican novelist and writer (1936–2025)

Swedish writer and painter (1849–1912)

Swiss linguist and philosopher (1857–1913)

Irish novelist and short story writer (1847–1912)

Portuguese poet, writer, and philosopher (1888–1935); creator of the heteronymic system including Alberto Caeiro, Ricardo Reis, Álvaro de Campos, and Bernardo Soares

Kenyan writer (1938–2025)

Ukrainian anarchist revolutionary (1888–1934)

Egyptian feminist writer (1931–2021)

author, secular humanist, and feminist

Syrian poet, writer and translator (born 1930)

Iranian writer, scholar of Islam, and political activist(1933-1977)

Croatian writer (1893–1981)

Hungarian economist, philosopher and historian

Irish writer (born 1962)

Irish novelist and writer (born 1955)

Peruvian writer and academic (1894–1930)

Peruvian writer (1911–1969)

Nicaraguan writer (1924-2018)

Croatian poet (1891–1955)

Russian-Swiss writer

First democratically elected President of the Dominican Republic (1909-2001)

Norwegian author (1899–1965)

Iranian writer and social critic (1939–1967)

Soviet writer (1920–1983)

Cameroonian writer

Macedonian-American film director

Swedish writer (1894-1954)

Iranian film director (1938-2025)

Iranian Poet, writer, historian, scholar and politician

Belarusian poet, essayist and translator

Croatian writer (1873–1914)

Ghanaian writer (born 1939)

Russian-born Hebrew-language author (1881-1921)

Portuguese writer (1923-1993)

Albanian diplomat and poet (1880-1949)

Ugandian poet, essayist, folklorist, politician

Swedish politician and writer (1939-2018)

Zimbabwean poet and writer (1956–2015)

Uruguay-Spanish writer

Spanish academic and writer (1918-1986)

Austrian journalist, actor and writer (1914–1998)

Bangladeshi writer, thinker, novelist, poet, and public intellectual (1943–2001)

Basque writer and philosopher

Chinese writer (1885–1905)

Indian historian

Flemish Belgian Francophone writer (1901–1992)

South African writer and essayist (1936–2010)

Belgian philosopher

Croatian physicist (1915-2007)

Chilean writer (1952–2015)

Spanish journalist and linguist (1923-2004)

Swiss writer (1888-1965)

Belgian writer and journalist (1920–2006)

Aromanian writer, politician (1874–1952)

Algerian journalist

Malaysian writer

Swedish artist (1899–1983)